Ipa Mara, Isnani Tri, Girsang Vierto Irennius, Harianja Ester Saripati, Purba Yunita, Wandra Toni, Budke Christine M, Purba Ivan Elisabeth
Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, Republic of Indonesia.
Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Science, Sari Mutiara Indonesia University, Medan, Indonesia.
Parasite Epidemiol Control. 2024 Feb 27;25:e00344. doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2024.e00344. eCollection 2024 May.
Worldwide, >654 million children live in regions where soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are endemic. These parasites cause a variety of symptoms, including anemia.
In May 2023, fecal and blood samples were collected from children aged 6 to 11 years attending government run (public) elementary schools in the Simanindo and Ronggur Nihuta sub-districts of Samosir Island, Indonesia where a twice a year mass drug administration (MDA) program is currently in place. A questionnaire was administered to students' parents or adult family members on possible risk factors for STH infections. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions.
In total, 187 and 221 children in Simanindo and Ronggur Nihuta provided samples, respectively. The STH infection prevalence in Simanindo was 4.8% (9/187) and the infection prevalence in Ronggur Nihuta was 5.9% (13/221). In Simanindo, all infections were caused by ( = 9), and in Ronggur Nihuta infections were caused by ( = 6), ( = 5), and + ( = 2). Three children had anemia but were negative for STH infections. While the results of the parent/adult questionnaires indicated access to a generally safe water supply and septic system, information from the in-depth interviews and focus groups revealed that the local water supply becomes greatly diminished during the dry season.
While MDA has been shown to effectively control roundworms and hookworms, additional measures to control trichuriasis are needed. There is also a need for the government to invest in improving the public water supply infrastructure.
在全球范围内，超过6.54亿儿童生活在土壤传播的蠕虫（STH）感染流行的地区。这些寄生虫会引发多种症状，包括贫血。
2023年5月，从印度尼西亚萨莫西岛锡曼宁多和荣古尔尼胡塔分区的政府运营（公立）小学就读的6至11岁儿童中采集粪便和血液样本，当地目前实施每年两次的群体药物给药（MDA）计划。就STH感染的可能风险因素对学生的父母或成年家庭成员进行问卷调查。通过深入访谈和焦点小组讨论收集定性数据。
锡曼宁多和荣古尔尼胡塔分别有187名和221名儿童提供了样本。锡曼宁多的STH感染率为4.8%（9/187），荣古尔尼胡塔的感染率为5.9%（13/221）。在锡曼宁多，所有感染均由[具体寄生虫名称]引起（n = 9），在荣古尔尼胡塔，感染由[具体寄生虫名称]引起（n = 6）、[具体寄生虫名称]引起（n = 5）和[具体寄生虫名称组合]引起（n = 2）。三名儿童患有贫血，但STH感染呈阴性。虽然家长/成人问卷的结果表明可获得总体安全的供水和化粪池系统，但深入访谈和焦点小组的信息显示，旱季当地供水大幅减少。
虽然MDA已被证明能有效控制蛔虫和钩虫，但还需要采取额外措施来控制鞭虫病。政府也有必要投资改善公共供水基础设施。
