Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, No.19, Xinjiekouwai St., Beijing, China.
Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, No.19, Xinjiekouwai St., Beijing, China.
Health Place. 2024 Mar;86:103219. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103219. Epub 2024 Mar 11.
In recent years, the aging population in Beijing has rapidly increased and the demand for residential care facilities (RCFs) has also risen. As RCFs have quickly developed, the question of whether residential care resources dynamically match the changes in the demand of the elderly population is an urgent issue that must be addressed. This study analyzes the spatiotemporal variation in the supply and demand of RCFs, applies a Gaussian two-step floating catchment area method with a multi-level search radius to measure the spatial accessibility of RCFs in Beijing in 2010 and 2020, and evaluates the equity of spatial accessibility. The results show that the elderly population was decentralized from the central urban area to New Urban Development Area. However, the distribution of RCF beds shows further agglomeration towards the central urban area. The accessibility of residential care resources in the central urban area and New Urban Development Area has increased, while accessibility in Ecological Protection Area has decreased. The spatial disparities in accessibility have been reduced and the spatial equity in accessibility has been improved over the past decade. The findings provide policy recommendations for the future allocation of RCFs by considering the spatiotemporal changes in the distribution of the supply and demand of residential care resources.
近年来，北京市人口老龄化迅速增加，对养老机构（RCF）的需求也有所上升。随着 RCF 的快速发展，养老机构资源是否能与老年人口需求的变化动态匹配是一个亟待解决的问题。本研究分析了 RCF 的供需时空变化，采用带有多级搜索半径的高斯两步浮区法测量了 2010 年和 2020 年北京市 RCF 的空间可达性，并评估了空间可达性的公平性。结果表明，老年人口从中心城区向新城区分散，但 RCF 床位的分布则进一步向中心城区集聚。中心城区和新城区养老资源的可达性增加，而生态保护区的可达性则下降。过去十年，可达性的空间差异有所缩小，可达性的空间公平性有所提高。这些发现为未来 RCF 的分配提供了政策建议，需要考虑养老机构资源供需分布的时空变化。
