Dinatha I Kadek Hariscandra, Diputra Arian H, Wihadmadyatami Hevi, Partini Juliasih, Yusuf Yusril
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia.
RSC Adv. 2024 Mar 11;14(12):8222-8239. doi: 10.1039/d4ra00619d. eCollection 2024 Mar 6.
Healing of significant segmental bone defects remains a challenge, and various studies attempt to make materials that mimic bone structures and have biocompatibility, bioactivity, biodegradability, and osteoconductivity to native bone tissues. In this work, a nanofiber scaffold membrane of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/chitosan (CS) combined with hydroxyapatite (HAp) from sand lobster (SL; ) shells, as a calcium source, was successfully synthesized to mimic the nanoscale extracellular matrix (ECM) in the native bone. The HAp from SL shells was synthesized by co-precipitation method with Ca/P of 1.67 and incorporated into the nanofiber membrane PVA/PVP/CS synthesized by the electrospinning method with varying concentrations, 0, 1, 3, and 5% (w/v). Based on the morphological and physicochemical analysis, the addition of HAp into the nanofiber successfully showed incorporation into the nanofiber with small agglomeration at HAp concentrations of 1, 3, and 5% (w/v). This led to a smaller fiber diameter with higher concentration of Hap, and incorporating HAp into the nanofiber could improve the mechanical properties of the nanofiber closer to the trabecula bone. Moreover, in general, swelling due to water absorption increases due to higher hydrophilicity at higher HAp concentrations and leads to the improvement of the degradation process and protein adsorption of the nanofiber. Biomineralization in a simulated body fluid (SBF) solution confirms that the HAp in the nanofiber increases bioactivity, and it can be seen that more apatite is formed during longer immersion in the SBF solution. The nanofiber PVA/PVP/CS HAp 5% has the most potential for osteoblast (MC3T3E1) cell viability after being incubated for 24 h, and it allowed the cell to attach and proliferate. Additionally, the higher HAp concentration in the nanofiber scaffold membrane can significantly promote the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3E1 cells. Overall, the PVA/PVP/CS/HAp 5% nanofiber scaffold membrane has the most potential for bone tissue engineering.
大面积节段性骨缺损的修复仍然是一项挑战，各种研究试图制造出模仿骨结构且具有生物相容性、生物活性、生物可降解性以及对天然骨组织具有骨传导性的材料。在本研究中，成功合成了一种由聚乙烯醇（PVA）/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）/壳聚糖（CS）组成的纳米纤维支架膜，并结合了来自沙龙虾（SL）壳的羟基磷灰石（HAp）作为钙源，以模仿天然骨中的纳米级细胞外基质（ECM）。通过共沉淀法合成了Ca/P为1.67的SL壳HAp，并将其以0、1、3和5%（w/v）的不同浓度掺入通过电纺丝法合成的纳米纤维膜PVA/PVP/CS中。基于形态学和物理化学分析，在HAp浓度为1、3和5%（w/v）时，将HAp添加到纳米纤维中成功显示其掺入纳米纤维且团聚较小。这导致在较高Hap浓度下纤维直径更小，并且将HAp掺入纳米纤维可以改善纳米纤维的机械性能，使其更接近小梁骨。此外，总体而言，由于在较高HAp浓度下亲水性更高，吸水导致的肿胀增加，从而改善了纳米纤维的降解过程和蛋白质吸附。在模拟体液（SBF）溶液中的生物矿化证实了纳米纤维中的HAp增加了生物活性，并且可以看到在SBF溶液中浸泡更长时间时形成了更多的磷灰石。纳米纤维PVA/PVP/CS HAp 5%在孵育24小时后对成骨细胞（MC3T3E1）的细胞活力最具潜力，并且它允许细胞附着和增殖。此外，纳米纤维支架膜中较高的HAp浓度可以显著促进MC3T3E1细胞的成骨分化。总体而言，PVA/PVP/CS/HAp 5%纳米纤维支架膜在骨组织工程方面最具潜力。
