Aebisher David, Woźnicki Paweł, Bartusik-Aebisher Dorota
Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.
Students English Division Science Club, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Feb 28;16(5):967. doi: 10.3390/cancers16050967.
Cancer is one of the most significant causes of death worldwide. Despite the rapid development of modern forms of therapy, results are still unsatisfactory. The prognosis is further worsened by the ability of cancer cells to metastasize. Thus, more effective forms of therapy, such as photodynamic therapy, are constantly being developed. The photodynamic therapeutic regimen involves administering a photosensitizer that selectively accumulates in tumor cells or is present in tumor vasculature prior to irradiation with light at a wavelength corresponding to the photosensitizer absorbance, leading to the generation of reactive oxygen species. Reactive oxygen species are responsible for the direct and indirect destruction of cancer cells. Photodynamically induced local inflammation has been shown to have the ability to activate an adaptive immune system response resulting in the destruction of tumor lesions and the creation of an immune memory. This paper focuses on presenting the latest scientific reports on the specific immune response activated by photodynamic therapy. We present newly discovered mechanisms for the induction of the adaptive response by analyzing its various stages, and the possible difficulties in generating it. We also present the results of research over the past 10 years that have focused on improving the immunological efficacy of photodynamic therapy for improved cancer therapy.
癌症是全球最重要的死因之一。尽管现代治疗方法迅速发展，但治疗结果仍不尽人意。癌细胞的转移能力使预后进一步恶化。因此，人们不断研发更有效的治疗方法，如光动力疗法。光动力治疗方案包括在以与光敏剂吸光度对应的波长的光照射之前，给予一种选择性积聚在肿瘤细胞中或存在于肿瘤血管系统中的光敏剂，从而产生活性氧。活性氧负责癌细胞的直接和间接破坏。光动力诱导的局部炎症已被证明有能力激活适应性免疫系统反应，导致肿瘤病变的破坏和免疫记忆的形成。本文重点介绍关于光动力疗法激活的特异性免疫反应的最新科学报告。我们通过分析适应性反应的各个阶段，展示了诱导适应性反应的新发现机制，以及产生该反应可能存在的困难。我们还展示了过去10年专注于提高光动力疗法免疫疗效以改善癌症治疗的研究结果。
