Belyagoubi-Benhammou Nabila, Belyagoubi Larbi, Benmahieddine Assia, El Zerey-Belaskri Asma, Di Marco Gabriele, D'Agostino Alessia, Canini Antonella, Gismondi Angelo
Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, University Abou-Bekr Belkaïd, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria.
Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Rizobia et Amélioration des Plantes, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran 31000, Algeria.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Feb 23;13(5):611. doi: 10.3390/plants13050611.
The aim of the present investigation was to obtain 12 aqueous extracts and 1 oil from Desf. subsp. specimens. The samples differed for processed plant organs (i.e., roots, buds, and fruits), gender and geographical station of the collected trees. Total phenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins were determined, revealing that bud extracts exhibited the highest phenolic content (386.785 ± 16.227 mg GAE/g DM), followed by fruit and root preparations. Similar results were detected for flavonoids and tannins, whose quantitation ranged from 0.014 ± 0.005 to 74.780 ± 9.724 mg CE/g DM and from 0.037 ± 0.003 to 14.793 ± 0.821 mg CE/g DM, respectively. The biochemical profile of the extracts was further characterized by HPLC-DAD, in terms of specific phenolics. This analysis identified gallic acid as a typical metabolite for ripe fruit, while hydroxytyrosol for female roots and male buds. In parallel, fruit oil was profiled by GC-MS analysis, which detected 37 lipophilic components, including palmitic acid (the major component, ~55%), anacardol, tetradecanol, arachidic acid, squalene, and some terpenes. The samples revealed interesting antioxidant activity, with EC values ranging from 0.073 ± 0.001 to 193.594 ± 28.942 mg/mL and from 0.029 ± 0.001 to 103.086 ± 20.540 mg/mL, in that order, for DPPH and reducing power assays. Concerning the total antioxidant capacity, the results ranged from 0.053 ± 0.008 to 51.648 ± 1.659 mg AAE/g DM. Finally, the antimicrobial potential of the plant extracts was estimated against 7 bacterial species and 2 fungal strains, known to be human pathogens, demonstrating a good antibiotic effect for the bud extracts. All these findings strongly suggest that would represent a natural reservoir for novel additives to be used in therapeutic, food, and cosmetic products.
本研究的目的是从Desf.亚种标本中获取12种水提取物和1种油。样品在加工的植物器官（即根、芽和果实）、所采集树木的性别和地理产地方面存在差异。对总酚、黄酮类化合物和缩合单宁进行了测定，结果显示芽提取物的酚类含量最高（386.785±16.227毫克没食子酸当量/克干物质），其次是果实和根提取物。黄酮类化合物和单宁的测定结果相似，其定量范围分别为0.014±0.005至74.780±9.724毫克儿茶素当量/克干物质以及0.037±0.003至14.793±0.821毫克儿茶素当量/克干物质。提取物的生化特征通过HPLC-DAD进一步表征，分析特定的酚类物质。该分析确定没食子酸是成熟果实的典型代谢产物，而羟基酪醇是雌株根和雄株芽的典型代谢产物。同时，通过GC-MS分析对果油进行了剖析，检测到37种亲脂性成分，包括棕榈酸（主要成分，约55%）、腰果酚、十四醇、花生酸、角鲨烯和一些萜类化合物。样品显示出有趣的抗氧化活性，在DPPH和还原力测定中，其EC值依次为0.073±0.001至193.594±28.942毫克/毫升以及0.029±0.001至103.086±20.540毫克/毫升。关于总抗氧化能力，结果范围为0.053±0.008至51.648±1.659毫克抗坏血酸当量/克干物质。最后，评估了植物提取物对7种细菌和2种真菌菌株（已知为人类病原体）的抗菌潜力，结果表明芽提取物具有良好的抗菌效果。所有这些发现强烈表明，该植物将成为用于治疗、食品和化妆品的新型添加剂的天然来源。
