Palombieri Samuela, Bonarrigo Marco, Potestio Silvia, Sestili Francesco, Messina Bernardo, Russo Giuseppe, Miceli Claudia, Frangipane Benedetto, Genduso Marco, Delogu Chiara, Andreani Lorella, Masci Stefania
Department of Agriculture and Forest Science (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis Snc, 01100 Viterbo, VT, Italy.
Consorzio di Ricerca Gian Pietro Ballatore, Z.I. Dittaino, 90040 Assoro, EN, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Mar 6;13(5):741. doi: 10.3390/plants13050741.
The criteria of "Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability" as well as a high "overall quality index" are used to register the Italian modern varieties to the national register. Differently, local conservation varieties can be certified under different EU Directives that facilitate, as an overall objective, the preservation of biodiversity and the containment of genetic erosion. In recent years, products derived from ancient grains are perceived to be healthier and more sustainable by consumers, especially in Italy, with consequent higher market prices. The ancient tetraploid wheat varieties registered in the national register of conservation varieties amount to 28, 24 of which are Sicilian. They are supposed to have wide genetic variability compared to modern ones, making them vulnerable to fraud because they are difficult to trace. It is therefore important to have tools able to discriminate between autochthonous Sicilian varieties. This can be completed by gluten proteins composition, which also provides information on the technological properties of derived products. Fifty-one accessions belonging to twenty-two ancient varieties of Sicilian tetraploid (mostly durum) wheat were analyzed. Although wide intra-accession and intra-varietal variability measurements were assessed, the gliadin pattern of bulks of seeds belonging to each variety was discriminatory. Moreover, differences in technological attitudes were found between landraces. This paves the way to use gluten protein patterns for traceability, allowing local farmers and producers to valorize their products and assure consumers regarding the transparency of the entire supply chain.
“特异性、一致性和稳定性”标准以及较高的“总体质量指数”被用于将意大利现代品种登记到国家登记簿中。不同的是，地方保存品种可根据不同的欧盟指令进行认证，这些指令的总体目标是促进生物多样性的保护和遏制遗传侵蚀。近年来，消费者认为源自古老谷物的产品更健康、更具可持续性，尤其是在意大利，因此市场价格更高。在国家保存品种登记簿中登记的古老四倍体小麦品种有28个，其中24个是西西里品种。与现代品种相比，它们被认为具有广泛的遗传变异性，这使得它们容易遭受欺诈，因为它们难以追踪。因此，拥有能够区分西西里本土品种的工具非常重要。这可以通过面筋蛋白组成来完成，面筋蛋白组成还能提供有关衍生产品技术特性的信息。对属于22个西西里四倍体（主要是硬粒）小麦古老品种的51份种质进行了分析。尽管评估了种质内和品种内的广泛变异性测量，但每个品种种子批次的醇溶蛋白模式具有区分性。此外，还发现地方品种在技术特性上存在差异。这为利用面筋蛋白模式进行可追溯性铺平了道路，使当地农民和生产者能够提升其产品价值，并向消费者保证整个供应链的透明度。
