Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland.
University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Parasit Vectors. 2024 Mar 12;17(1):122. doi: 10.1186/s13071-024-06221-9.
Schistosomiasis is a water-based parasitic disease that affects humans, livestock and wild animals. While considerable resources are dedicated to the surveillance, disease mapping, control and elimination of human schistosomiasis, this is not the case for livestock schistosomiasis. Indeed, there are important data and knowledge gaps concerning the species present, population genetic diversity, infection prevalence, morbidity and economic impact. This study aimed to identify circulating schistosome species in cattle across Côte d'Ivoire and to investigate their population diversity and structuring.
Overall, 400 adult schistosomes were collected from slaughtered cattle at six sites across Côte d'Ivoire. Additionally, 114 miracidia were collected from live cattle at one site: Ferkessédougou, in the northern part of Côte d'Ivoire. DNA from all specimens was extracted and the cox1 and ITS1/2 regions amplified and analysed to confirm species. The genetic diversity and structuring of the schistosome populations were investigated using 12 microsatellite markers.
All adult schistosomes and miracidia presented Schistosoma bovis mitochondrial cox1 profile. Nuclear ITS1/2 data were obtained from 101 adult schistosomes and four miracidia, all of which presented an S. bovis profile. Genetic diversity indices revealed a deficiency of heterozygotes and signals of inbreeding across all sites, while structure analyses displayed little geographic structuring and differentiation. Cattle in Côte d'Ivoire thus appear to be mono-species infected with S. bovis. Hybrids of Schistosoma haematobium × S. bovis have not been identified in this study. Cattle schistosomes appear to be panmictic across the country.
Our results contribute to a deeper understanding of schistosome populations in Ivorian cattle and emphasize a One Health approach of joint human and animal surveillance and prevention and control programmes for schistosomiasis.
血吸虫病是一种水生寄生虫病，影响人类、牲畜和野生动物。虽然有相当多的资源用于监测、疾病制图、控制和消除人类血吸虫病，但牲畜血吸虫病并非如此。事实上，关于现有的物种、种群遗传多样性、感染流行率、发病率和经济影响，存在重要的数据和知识差距。本研究旨在鉴定科特迪瓦牛群中循环的血吸虫种类，并研究其种群多样性和结构。
本研究共从科特迪瓦六个地点屠宰的牛中收集了 400 条成虫血吸虫，此外，还从科特迪瓦北部的 Ferkessédougou 一个地点的活牛中收集了 114 尾尾蚴。从所有标本中提取 DNA，扩增和分析 cox1 和 ITS1/2 区域以确认物种。使用 12 个微卫星标记来研究血吸虫种群的遗传多样性和结构。
所有成虫血吸虫和尾蚴均呈现出曼氏血吸虫线粒体 cox1 图谱。从 101 条成虫血吸虫和 4 尾尾蚴中获得了核 ITS1/2 数据，它们均呈现出曼氏血吸虫的图谱。遗传多样性指数显示所有地点均存在杂合子缺失和近亲繁殖信号，而结构分析显示出很少的地理结构和分化。科特迪瓦的牛似乎感染了单一物种的曼氏血吸虫。本研究未鉴定出埃及血吸虫×曼氏血吸虫的杂种。该国的牛血吸虫似乎是全同胞交配的。
我们的研究结果有助于更深入地了解科特迪瓦牛群中的血吸虫种群，并强调了人类和动物联合监测以及血吸虫病预防和控制计划的一种大健康方法。
