Pulmonology Department, General Hospital of Thessaloniki "G. Papanikolaou", Thessaloniki, Greece.
Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Chron Respir Dis. 2024 Jan-Dec;21:14799731241235213. doi: 10.1177/14799731241235213.
Smoking poses the most common risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and aggravates disease progression. Tobacco dependence inhibits smoking cessation and may affect smoking patterns that increase tobacco exposure and predispose to lung function decline.
We aimed to assess tobacco dependence in current smokers with and without COPD and evaluate its role in disease development.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in Greek rural areas. Current smokers completed the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence and were classified into COPD and non-COPD groups based on spirometry parameters.
Among current smokers, 288 participants comprised the non-COPD and 71 the COPD group. Both presented moderate tobacco dependence, but smokers with COPD started to smoke earlier in the morning. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed higher COPD prevalence in smokers with higher scores in the Fagerström test (odds ratio OR = 1.12, 95% confidence interval [1.01 - 1.24]) and older age (OR = 1.06 [1.03 - 1.09]), independently of pack-years smoking index. Multiple linear regression analysis in smokers with COPD showed that the forced expiratory volume in the 1st second decreased by 2.3% of the predicted value for each point increase in the Fagerström Test and 0.59% for each year of age, independently of participants' sex and pack-years smoking index.
The Fagerström score appears to indicate a higher probability for COPD and lung function deterioration when assessed along with age in current smokers. Smoking cessation support programs are fundamental to COPD prevention and management.
吸烟是慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）最常见的危险因素，并加重疾病进展。烟草依赖抑制戒烟，并可能影响增加烟草暴露和易患肺功能下降的吸烟模式。
我们旨在评估有和没有 COPD 的当前吸烟者的烟草依赖程度，并评估其在疾病发展中的作用。
这是一项在希腊农村地区进行的横断面研究。当前吸烟者完成尼古丁依赖 Fagerström 测试，并根据肺功能参数分为 COPD 和非 COPD 组。
在当前吸烟者中，288 名参与者组成非 COPD 组，71 名参与者组成 COPD 组。两组均表现出中度烟草依赖，但 COPD 吸烟者早晨开始吸烟的时间更早。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，在 Fagerström 测试中得分较高的吸烟者（比值比 OR = 1.12，95%置信区间 [1.01-1.24]）和年龄较大的吸烟者（OR = 1.06 [1.03-1.09]），COPD 的患病率更高，独立于吸烟指数包年数。在 COPD 吸烟者中进行的多元线性回归分析显示，用力呼气量在 1 秒内每增加 Fagerström 测试 1 分，预计值下降 2.3%，每增加 1 岁，预计值下降 0.59%，独立于参与者的性别和吸烟指数包年数。
在当前吸烟者中，与年龄一起评估时，Fagerström 评分似乎表明 COPD 发生和肺功能恶化的可能性更高。戒烟支持计划对于 COPD 的预防和管理至关重要。
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