Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lahore University of Biological and Applied Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Front Public Health. 2024 Feb 27;12:1323102. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1323102. eCollection 2024.
Health care providers are mandated to deliver specialized care for the treatment and control of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In Malaysia, Diabetes Medication Therapy Adherence Clinics (DMTAC) in tertiary hospitals have designated pharmacists to administer these services.
To assess the effects of pharmacist-led interventions within DMTAC on the outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in two distinct hospitals in Kedah, Malaysia.
Patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly selected from the two hospitals included in this study. The study population was divided into two equal groups. The control group consisted of 200 patients receiving routine care from the hospitals. On the other hand, the intervention group included those patients with type 2 diabetes (200), who received separate counseling sessions from pharmacists in the DMTAC departments along with the usual treatment. The study lasted 1 year, during which both study groups participated in two distinct visits.
Parametric data were analyzed by a paired -test and one-way ANOVA, while non-parametric data were analyzed by a Chi-squared test using SPSS v24. A < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study presented the results of a greater reduction in HBA1c levels in the intervention group compared to the control group, i.e., 3.59 and 2.17% ( < 0.001). Moreover, the Systolic and Diastolic values of BP were also significantly reduced in the intervention group, i.e., 9.29 mmHg/7.58 mmHg ( < 0.005). Furthermore, cholesterol levels were significantly improved in patients in the intervention group, i.e., 0.87 mmol/L ( < 0.001).
Based on the findings of the current study it has been proven that the involvement of pharmacists leads to improved control of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, it is recommended that the government initiate DMTAC services in both private and government hospitals and clinics throughout Malaysia. Furthermore, future studies should assess the impact of pharmacist interventions on other chronic conditions, including but not limited to asthma, arthritis, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and dementia.
医疗保健提供者被要求提供 2 型糖尿病的治疗和控制方面的专业护理。在马来西亚，三级医院的糖尿病药物治疗依从性诊所（DMTAC）指定药剂师提供这些服务。
评估在马来西亚吉打州的两家不同医院的 DMTAC 中，由药剂师主导的干预措施对 2 型糖尿病患者结果的影响。
从参与本研究的两家医院中随机选择 2 型糖尿病患者。将研究人群分为两组。对照组由 200 名接受医院常规护理的患者组成。另一方面，干预组包括 200 名在 DMTAC 部门接受药剂师单独咨询的 2 型糖尿病患者，以及常规治疗。研究持续 1 年，期间两组都参加了两次不同的就诊。
参数数据通过配对检验和单因素方差分析进行分析，而非参数数据通过 SPSS v24 中的卡方检验进行分析。 < 0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。研究结果表明，与对照组相比，干预组的 HBA1c 水平降低更多，即 3.59%和 2.17%（ < 0.001）。此外，干预组的收缩压和舒张压也显著降低，分别为 9.29mmHg/7.58mmHg（ < 0.005）。此外，干预组的胆固醇水平也显著改善，即 0.87mmol/L（ < 0.001）。
根据本研究的结果证明，药剂师的参与可改善糖尿病的控制。因此，建议政府在马来西亚的私人和政府医院和诊所启动 DMTAC 服务。此外，未来的研究应评估药剂师干预对其他慢性疾病的影响，包括但不限于哮喘、关节炎、癌症、阿尔茨海默病和痴呆。
