Ohira Tetsuya, Nagao Masanori, Hayashi Fumikazu, Shimura Hiroki, Suzuki Satoru, Yasumura Seiji, Takahashi Hideto, Suzuki Satoshi, Iwadate Manabu, Hosoya Mitsuaki, Sakai Akira, Ishikawa Tetsuo, Furuya Fumihiko, Suzuki Shinichi, Yokoya Susumu, Ohto Hitoshi, Kamiya Kenji
Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2025 Jan 21;110(2):e478-e486. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgae161.
Examining how overweight/obesity impacts thyroid nodule development in children and adolescents by sex and age allows speculation on the mechanism.
We examined whether overweight/obesity in children and adolescents is associated with thyroid nodule development by sex and age.
Approximately 300 000 participants who underwent thyroid ultrasonography in the Fukushima Health Management Survey after a nuclear accident were enrolled. Those without nodules in the initial 2 examinations (1-3 and 4-5 years postaccident) were prospectively assessed for nodule development in the third examination (6-7 years postaccident) relative to baseline overweight status, with an average follow-up of 4.2 years. This was a population-based prospective cohort study. The first and second thyroid examinations involved 299 939 and 237 691 participants, respectively, excluding those with thyroid nodules. After the third examination, 184 519 participants were finalized for analysis. Multivariable adjusted odds ratios of new detected thyroid nodules for overweight participants were compared with normal-weight participants.
New thyroid nodules were detected in 660 participants. Being overweight was positively associated with thyroid nodules. The adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) of thyroid nodules for overweight participants compared with other participants was 1.27 (1.04-1.57). Additionally, the multivariable adjusted odds ratios for overweight males and females were 1.21 and 1.32, respectively, and those for different age groups (0-9, 10-14, and 15-19 years) ranged from 1.17 to 1.75.
Being overweight was associated with thyroid nodules in children and adolescents, mostly adolescent females, regardless of their proximity to the nuclear power plant.
通过性别和年龄研究超重/肥胖如何影响儿童和青少年甲状腺结节的发生发展，有助于推测其机制。
我们研究了儿童和青少年超重/肥胖是否与按性别和年龄划分的甲状腺结节发生发展相关。
纳入了在核事故后参加福岛健康管理调查并接受甲状腺超声检查的约30万名参与者。对在最初两次检查（事故后1 - 3年和4 - 5年）中无结节的参与者，前瞻性评估其在第三次检查（事故后6 - 7年）相对于基线超重状态的结节发生情况，平均随访4.2年。这是一项基于人群的前瞻性队列研究。第一次和第二次甲状腺检查分别涉及299939名和237691名参与者，排除了有甲状腺结节的参与者。第三次检查后，最终确定184519名参与者进行分析。将超重参与者新检测到甲状腺结节的多变量调整比值比与体重正常的参与者进行比较。
660名参与者检测到新的甲状腺结节。超重与甲状腺结节呈正相关。超重参与者与其他参与者相比，甲状腺结节的调整比值比（95%CI）为1.27（1.04 - 1.57）。此外，超重男性和女性的多变量调整比值比分别为1.21和1.32，不同年龄组（0 - 9岁、10 - 14岁和15 - 19岁）的比值比范围为1.17至1.75。
超重与儿童和青少年的甲状腺结节相关，主要是青少年女性，无论其与核电站的距离远近。
