Pickering L K
Am J Med Technol. 1979 Sep;45(9):787-92.
Escherichia coli that produce diarrhea can be divided into three groups: 1) enteropathogenic, 2) enterotoxigenic, and 3) enteroinvasive. The mechanism of disease production by enteropathogenic E. coli is unknown, but these strains are not presently known to be inherently pathogenic, although they may be important as a cause of gastroenteritis in infants. The two known mechanisms of disease production are elaboration of enterotoxin and mucosal invasion. Heat-labile toxin-producing E. coli are the main cause of diarrhea in travelers while heat-stable toxin-producing E. coli are a cause of scours among new-born swine and cattle. Enteroinvasive E. coli have not been shown to be an important cause of diarrhea in the United States. Enteropathogenic, enterotoxigenic, and enteroinvasive E. coli that currently are associated with diarrhea worldwide may each consist of relatively few serotypes different from those associated with out-breaks of diarrhea in the past. This implies a possible new role for sero-typing of E. coli.
1）肠致病性大肠杆菌；2）产肠毒素性大肠杆菌；3）肠侵袭性大肠杆菌。肠致病性大肠杆菌致病的机制尚不清楚，但目前已知这些菌株并非天生具有致病性，不过它们可能是婴儿肠胃炎的重要病因。已知的两种致病机制是产生肠毒素和侵袭黏膜。产不耐热毒素的大肠杆菌是旅行者腹泻的主要病因，而产耐热毒素的大肠杆菌是新生猪和牛腹泻的病因之一。在美国，肠侵袭性大肠杆菌尚未被证明是腹泻的重要病因。目前在全球范围内与腹泻相关的肠致病性、产肠毒素性和肠侵袭性大肠杆菌，可能各自仅由相对较少的血清型组成，这些血清型与过去腹泻暴发所涉及的血清型不同。这意味着大肠杆菌血清分型可能有新的作用。
