State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University School of Public Health, Xiamen, China.
The University of Sydney Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
BMJ Open. 2024 Mar 12;14(3):e076785. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076785.
This study aimed to investigate the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and the prevalence of hypertension in Fujian province, China, and to evaluate the mediating effect of body mass index (BMI) and cooking salt intake between SES and hypertension.
Community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between June 2018 and December 2019.
Fujian province, China.
A total of 26 500 participants aged >18 years completed the survey.
The primary outcome was the prevalence of hypertension. Education, income and occupation were used as SES indicators. Meanwhile, certain health behaviours and metabolic risk factors were used as secondary indicators of SES.
The prevalence of hypertension was relatively high among participants who finished primary education (34.8%), had the lowest annual income (46.0%), were unemployed or retired (34.7%). Education and income levels were negatively associated with the prevalence of hypertension (p<0.05). Regular smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI and high cooking salt intake were also significantly associated with the prevalence of hypertension (p<0.05). Cooking salt intake was identified as a partial mediator between income and hypertension, mediating 3.45% of the association. Both BMI and cooking salt intake were partial mediators between education and hypertension, mediating 5.23% and 1.93% of the association, respectively.
SES was associated with the prevalence of hypertension among adults in Fujian province, China. BMI and cooking salt intake were partial mediators of the association between SES and hypertension.
本研究旨在探讨中国福建省社会经济地位（SES）与高血压患病率之间的关系，并评估体质指数（BMI）和食盐摄入量在 SES 与高血压之间的中介作用。
2018 年 6 月至 2019 年 12 月进行了一项基于社区的横断面调查。
中国福建省。
共有 26500 名年龄大于 18 岁的参与者完成了调查。
主要结局指标为高血压患病率。教育程度、收入和职业用作 SES 指标。同时，某些健康行为和代谢危险因素被用作 SES 的次要指标。
完成小学教育的参与者（34.8%）、收入最低的参与者（46.0%）和失业或退休的参与者（34.7%）高血压患病率相对较高。教育程度和收入水平与高血压患病率呈负相关（p<0.05）。有规律的吸烟、饮酒、BMI 和高食盐摄入量也与高血压患病率显著相关（p<0.05）。食盐摄入量被确定为收入与高血压之间的部分中介变量，占关联的 3.45%。BMI 和食盐摄入量都是教育与高血压之间的部分中介变量，分别占关联的 5.23%和 1.93%。
SES 与中国福建省成年人高血压患病率有关。BMI 和食盐摄入量是 SES 与高血压之间关联的部分中介变量。
