Chard Emelie, Bergstad Cecilia Jakobsson, Steentjes Katharine, Poortinga Wouter, Demski Christina
Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
Centre for Climate Change and Social Transformations, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2024 Feb 29;15:1355969. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1355969. eCollection 2024.
Gender differences have been identified in both the engagement in and the determinants of sustainable diet behaviours. However, as engagement in pro-environmental behaviours varies across countries, the consistency of gender differences could follow similar patterns. Understanding the factors underlying gender and country differences in diet intentions is important for determining how to promote sustainable diets in different populations.
Using survey data from the UK, China, Sweden and Brazil (=4,569), this paper examines the influence of subjective norms, diet-related identity, perceived status of meat consumption, environmental identity and environmental concern on sustainable diet intentions. Multigroup analysis was used to explore gender and country differences in the influence of these variables, and whether gender differences were consistent across the four countries.
The findings show that there are gender differences in the influence of diet-related identity and perceived status of meat consumption, as well as cross-country differences in all factors except subjective norms. Holding a strong diet-related meat identity negatively affected sustainable diet intentions in all groups. Crucially, however, gender differences are not consistent across countries.
These results suggest that individuals' intentions to engage in sustainable diet behaviours are influenced by nationally unique gender associations.
在可持续饮食行为的参与度及其决定因素方面，均已发现存在性别差异。然而，由于不同国家民众对环保行为的参与情况各异，性别差异的一致性可能也会呈现出类似的模式。了解饮食意愿中性别差异和国家差异背后的因素，对于确定如何在不同人群中推广可持续饮食至关重要。
本文利用来自英国、中国、瑞典和巴西（共4569人）的调查数据，研究主观规范、与饮食相关的身份认同、肉类消费的感知地位、环境身份认同和环境关切对可持续饮食意愿的影响。采用多组分析来探究这些变量影响方面的性别差异和国家差异，以及性别差异在这四个国家是否具有一致性。
研究结果表明，与饮食相关的身份认同和肉类消费的感知地位的影响存在性别差异，除主观规范外，所有因素均存在国家间差异。拥有强烈的与饮食相关的肉类身份认同对所有群体的可持续饮食意愿均产生负面影响。然而，至关重要的是，性别差异在不同国家并不一致。
这些结果表明，个人参与可持续饮食行为的意愿受到各国独特的性别关联的影响。
