Pathology and Production Disease Group, Division of Hygiene Management, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Hokkaido, Japan.
Research Laboratory of Advanced Science & Technology, Corporate Research & Development, Asahi Kasei Corporation, Shizuoka, Japan.
J Vet Med Sci. 2024 May 6;86(5):474-479. doi: 10.1292/jvms.23-0438. Epub 2024 Mar 18.
Mastitis causes significant economic losses to the dairy industry due to decreased milk production in infected cows. Identification of mastitis-causing pathogens, such as streptococci, is necessary for selecting an effective antibiotic for treating mastitis. Although bacterial cultivation is widely used for pathogen identification, it requires more than 24 hr to complete. Contrarily, Lateral flow assays are simple, rapid, and inexpensive testing procedures. In this study, the effectiveness of an immunochromatographic test kit for detecting streptococci in milk samples from cows with clinical mastitis was evaluated as an alternative to bacterial cultivation. The performance of the immunochromatographic test kit for detecting mastitis-causing pathogens was compared with that of bacterial cultivation and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The sensitivity and specificity of the immunochromatographic test kit were 0.800 and 0.875, respectively, compared with bacterial cultivation. Additionally, the κ statistic values of the immunochromatographic test kit was 0.667, indicating substantial agreement with the results of bacterial cultivation. Statistically, sensitivity and specificity of the immunochromatographic kit and real-time qPCR did not differ significantly; thus, the immunochromatographic test kit detected mastitis-causing streptococci as effectively as real-time qPCR. Therefore, the immunochromatographic kit is a rapid, inexpensive, and simple method for detecting streptococci and contributes to the timely selection of appropriate antibiotics for treatment and promotes early recovery from mastitis.
乳腺炎会导致奶牛产奶量下降，给奶业造成巨大的经济损失。因此，有必要鉴定乳腺炎的病原菌，如链球菌，以便选择有效的抗生素进行治疗。尽管细菌培养被广泛用于病原菌鉴定，但它需要超过 24 小时才能完成。相比之下，侧向流动检测是一种简单、快速、廉价的检测方法。本研究评估了免疫层析试剂盒作为细菌培养的替代方法，用于检测临床乳腺炎奶牛乳样中的链球菌，以评估其检测乳腺炎病原菌的效果。将免疫层析检测试剂盒检测乳腺炎病原菌的性能与细菌培养和实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）进行了比较。与细菌培养相比，免疫层析检测试剂盒检测乳腺炎的敏感性和特异性分别为 0.800 和 0.875。此外，免疫层析检测试剂盒的κ统计值为 0.667，表明与细菌培养结果有高度一致性。统计分析显示，免疫层析试剂盒和实时 qPCR 的敏感性和特异性无显著差异；因此，免疫层析检测试剂盒可以像实时 qPCR 一样有效地检测乳腺炎的链球菌。因此，免疫层析试剂盒是一种快速、廉价、简单的检测链球菌的方法，有助于及时选择合适的抗生素进行治疗，并促进乳腺炎的早期康复。
