Goh W S Sho, Kuang Yi
Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China.
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
Biophys Rev. 2023 Oct 17;16(1):79-87. doi: 10.1007/s12551-023-01128-8. eCollection 2024 Feb.
The chemical modifications of RNAs broadly impact almost all cellular events and influence various diseases. The rapid advance of sequencing and other technologies opened the door to global methods for profiling all RNA modifications, namely the "epitranscriptome." The mapping of epitranscriptomes in different cells and tissues unveiled that RNA modifications exhibit extensive heterogeneity, in type, amount, and in location. In this mini review, we first introduce the current understanding of modifications on major types of RNAs and the methods that enabled their discovery. We next discuss the tissue and cell heterogeneity of RNA modifications and briefly address the limitations of current technologies. With much still remaining unknown, the development of the epitranscriptomic field lies in the further developments of novel technologies.
RNA的化学修饰广泛影响几乎所有细胞活动，并与多种疾病相关。测序技术和其他技术的迅速发展为全面分析所有RNA修饰（即“表观转录组”）的全局方法打开了大门。不同细胞和组织中表观转录组的图谱揭示，RNA修饰在类型、数量和位置上均表现出广泛的异质性。在这篇综述中，我们首先介绍目前对主要类型RNA修饰的理解以及促成其发现的方法。接下来，我们讨论RNA修饰的组织和细胞异质性，并简要阐述当前技术的局限性。由于仍有许多未知之处，表观转录组学领域的发展依赖于新技术的进一步开发。
