Li Yiding, Wang Li, Song Youzhi, Wang Wenwei, Lin Cheng, He Xiangming
Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
National Engineering Research Center of Electric Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
Nanomicro Lett. 2024 Mar 18;16(1):154. doi: 10.1007/s40820-024-01374-9.
The battery technology progress has been a contradictory process in which performance improvement and hidden risks coexist. Now the battery is still a "black box", thus requiring a deep understanding of its internal state. The battery should "sense its internal physical/chemical conditions", which puts strict requirements on embedded sensing parts. This paper summarizes the application of advanced optical fiber sensors in lithium-ion batteries and energy storage technologies that may be mass deployed, focuses on the insights of advanced optical fiber sensors into the processes of one-dimensional nano-micro-level battery material structural phase transition, electrolyte degradation, electrode-electrolyte interface dynamics to three-dimensional macro-safety evolution. The paper contributes to understanding how to use optical fiber sensors to achieve "real" and "embedded" monitoring. Through the inherent advantages of the advanced optical fiber sensor, it helps clarify the battery internal state and reaction mechanism, aiding in the establishment of more detailed models. These advancements can promote the development of smart batteries, with significant importance lying in essentially promoting the improvement of system consistency. Furthermore, with the help of smart batteries in the future, the importance of consistency can be weakened or even eliminated. The application of advanced optical fiber sensors helps comprehensively improve the battery quality, reliability, and life.
电池技术进步是一个性能提升与潜在风险并存的矛盾过程。目前电池仍是一个“黑匣子”，因此需要深入了解其内部状态。电池应“感知自身内部物理/化学状况”，这对嵌入式传感部件提出了严格要求。本文总结了先进光纤传感器在可能大规模应用的锂离子电池和储能技术中的应用，重点阐述了先进光纤传感器对一维纳米-微观层面电池材料结构相变、电解质降解、电极-电解质界面动力学至三维宏观安全演变过程的洞察。本文有助于理解如何利用光纤传感器实现“真实”和“嵌入式”监测。借助先进光纤传感器的固有优势，有助于阐明电池内部状态和反应机制，助力建立更详细的模型。这些进展可推动智能电池的发展，其重要意义主要在于从根本上促进系统一致性的提升。此外，借助未来的智能电池，一致性的重要性可能会被削弱甚至消除。先进光纤传感器的应用有助于全面提升电池质量、可靠性和寿命。
