Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway.
Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway.
BMC Pediatr. 2024 Mar 18;24(1):195. doi: 10.1186/s12887-024-04658-6.
Social withdrawal in infants may be a signal of distress and a precursor for non-optimal development.
To examine the relationship between infant social withdrawal and neurodevelopment up to 4 years in Nepalese children.
A total of 597 Nepalese infants 6-11 months old were assessed with the modified Alarm Distress Baby Scale (m-ADBB), and of these, 527 with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 3rd edition (Bayley-III) during early childhood, and the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-IV) and NEPSY-II subtests at 4 years. We examined whether social withdrawal defined by the m-ADBB was associated with neurodevelopmental scores in regression models.
Children socially withdrawn in infancy had lower Bayley-III language scores (-2.6 (95% CI -4.5, -0.7)) in early childhood. This association seems to be driven by the expressive communication subscale (-0.7 (95% CI -1.0, -0.3)), but not the receptive communication subscale (-0.2 (95% CI -0.6, 0.1)). There were no differences in the other Bayley-III scores or the WPPSI-IV and NEPSY-II scores at 4 years in children who were socially withdrawn or not.
Social withdrawal in infancy was reflected in early language development but not cognitive functioning at 4 years.
婴儿的社交退缩可能是痛苦的信号，也是发育不良的先兆。
研究尼泊尔儿童的婴儿社交退缩与神经发育之间的关系，直至 4 岁。
共有 597 名 6-11 个月大的尼泊尔婴儿接受了改良的警报不安婴儿量表（m-ADBB）评估，其中 527 名婴儿在幼儿期接受了贝利婴幼儿发育量表第三版（Bayley-III）评估，在 4 岁时接受了韦氏学前和小学智力量表（WPPSI-IV）和神经心理评估系统（NEPSY-II）子测试。我们在回归模型中检验了由 m-ADBB 定义的社交退缩是否与神经发育评分相关。
婴儿期社交退缩的儿童在幼儿期的 Bayley-III 语言评分较低（-2.6（95%CI-4.5，-0.7））。这种关联似乎是由表达性交流分量表驱动的（-0.7（95%CI-1.0，-0.3）），而不是接受性交流分量表（-0.2（95%CI-0.6，0.1））。在社交退缩或不退缩的儿童中，在其他 Bayley-III 评分或 WPPSI-IV 和 NEPSY-II 评分方面，4 岁时没有差异。
婴儿期的社交退缩反映在早期的语言发展中，但在 4 岁时的认知功能中没有反映。
