Horton Calen J, Walsh Lisa C, Rodriguez Anthony, Kaufman Victor A
Arkoda Research Group, Anchorage, AK, United States.
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Front Psychol. 2024 Mar 4;15:1304074. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1304074. eCollection 2024.
Research on the dimensional structure of subjective well-being (SWB) suggests a five-dimensional solution, consisting of the three established dimensions of life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect, and two additional empirically supported dimensions: domain satisfaction and happiness. While these dimensions can be aggregated into a superordinate SWB construct, little research has explored how these dimensions differ in their variation across subpopulations of individuals.
The present study addresses this gap via secondary analysis of a sample of 1,487 partnered individuals, using the five dimensions of SWB as indicators for latent profile analysis.
Analyses returned five profiles, which we labeled Satisfied, Ambivalent, Indifferent, Dissatisfied, and Very Dissatisfied. In the Ambivalent and Indifferent profiles, the dimensions of negative affect and happiness exhibit discrepant behavior, resulting in shape differences. The five profiles are organized with reference to the external criterion of couple satisfaction. At the theoretical level, the results of the present study have the potential to inform current debates about the structure of well-being.
These findings suggest that, while SWB can usually be measured as a unidimensional construct, there is still merit to using multidimensional approaches and alternative forms of measurement-such as LPA-that capture complexities normally absent from unidimensional treatments. At the practical level, the results of the current study have the potential to inform well-being interventions (both clinical and otherwise), suggesting that those dealing with well-being in real life situations should pause before concluding that the absence of negativity implies the presence of positivity, or vice versa.
关于主观幸福感（SWB）维度结构的研究提出了一种五维解决方案，包括生活满意度、积极情感和消极情感这三个既定维度，以及另外两个经实证支持的维度：领域满意度和幸福感。虽然这些维度可以汇总为一个上级的主观幸福感结构，但很少有研究探讨这些维度在不同个体亚群体中的变化差异。
本研究通过对1487名有伴侣的个体样本进行二次分析来填补这一空白，使用主观幸福感的五个维度作为潜在剖面分析的指标。
分析得出了五个剖面，我们将其标记为满意、矛盾、冷漠、不满意和非常不满意。在矛盾和冷漠剖面中，消极情感和幸福感维度表现出不同的行为，导致形状差异。这五个剖面是参照伴侣满意度的外部标准进行组织的。在理论层面，本研究的结果有可能为当前关于幸福感结构的辩论提供参考。
这些发现表明，虽然主观幸福感通常可以作为一个一维结构来衡量，但使用多维方法和替代测量形式（如潜在剖面分析）仍有价值，这些方法能够捕捉一维处理中通常不存在的复杂性。在实践层面，当前研究的结果有可能为幸福感干预（包括临床干预和其他干预）提供参考，这表明那些在现实生活中处理幸福感问题的人在得出没有消极情绪就意味着有积极情绪，或者反之亦然的结论之前应该慎重考虑。
