Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Pediatr Pulmonol. 2024 Jun;59(6):1686-1694. doi: 10.1002/ppul.26975. Epub 2024 Mar 19.
Fetal exposure to tobacco smoking throughout pregnancy is associated with wheezing in infancy. We investigated the influence of in utero smoking exposure on lung ventilation homogeneity and the relationship between lung ventilation inhomogeneity at 7 weeks of age and wheezing in the first year of life.
Maternal smoking was defined as self-reported smoking of tobacco or validated by exhaled (e)CO > 6 ppm. Lung function data from healthy infants (age 5-9 weeks) born to asthmatic mothers and parent-reported respiratory questionnaire data aged 12 months were collected in the Breathing for Life Trial (BLT) birth cohort. Tidal breathing analysis and SF-based Multiple Breath Washout testing were performed in quiet sleep. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used to assess associations.
Data were collected on 423 participants. Infants born to women who self-reported smoking during pregnancy (n = 42) had higher lung clearance index (LCI) than those born to nonsmoking mothers (7.90 vs. 7.64; p = .030). Adjusted regression analyzes revealed interactions between self-reported smoking and LCI (RR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.07-3.63, 0.028, for each unit increase in LCI) and between eCO > 6 ppm and LCI (RR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.13-4.50, 0.022) for the risk of wheeze in the first year of life.
In utero tobacco smoke exposure induces lung ventilation inhomogeneities. Furthermore, an interaction between smoke exposure and lung ventilation inhomogeneities increases the risk of having a wheeze in the first year of life.
胎儿在整个孕期接触烟草烟雾与婴儿期喘息有关。我们研究了子宫内吸烟暴露对肺通气均质性的影响，以及 7 周龄时肺通气不均质性与生命第一年喘息的关系。
母亲吸烟的定义为自我报告的吸烟或呼出（e）CO > 6 ppm 验证。从哮喘母亲的生育生命试验（BLT）出生队列中收集了健康婴儿（5-9 周龄）的肺功能数据和父母报告的 12 个月龄呼吸问卷数据。在安静睡眠中进行了潮气呼吸分析和基于 SF 的多次呼吸冲洗测试。使用描述性统计和回归分析来评估相关性。
共收集了 423 名参与者的数据。与母亲不吸烟的婴儿相比，自我报告在怀孕期间吸烟的女性所生婴儿的肺清除指数（LCI）更高（7.90 与 7.64；p = 0.030）。调整后的回归分析显示，自我报告吸烟与 LCI 之间存在交互作用（RR：1.98，95%CI：1.07-3.63，0.028，每增加 LCI 一个单位）和 eCO > 6 ppm 与 LCI 之间存在交互作用（RR：2.25，95%CI：1.13-4.50，0.022），用于预测生命第一年的喘息风险。
子宫内烟草烟雾暴露会引起肺通气不均。此外，烟雾暴露与肺通气不均之间的相互作用增加了生命第一年喘息的风险。
