Austin, Texas, USA.
J Anal Psychol. 2024 Apr;69(2):227-245. doi: 10.1111/1468-5922.12995. Epub 2024 Mar 19.
After every school shooting in the United States both a wish and a fear arise: Will this be the one? Will this be the tipping point for change in a nation so deeply divided over the meaning of "the right to bear arms?" Sandy Hook, Connecticut? No. Parkland, Florida? No. So, why might the killing of 19 children and 2 teachers in Uvalde, Texas, prove different? The American epidemic of mass school shootings betrays a country's willingness to let its children disappear, to sacrifice them on the altar of an archetypally violent ethos. While the internal experiences of alienation, resentment and contempt are often at play in the individuals who carry out such violence, the author suggests that the uniquely American glorification of "the lone wolf", the "rugged individual" and the "misunderstood hero" fuels a supportive background for mass shooters in a nation that appears to be enamoured of ancient patriarchal attitudes as it doubles down on its valuing of weaponry. Such patriarchal attitudes, underscored by capitalism and the profits of the gun industry, are implicated in the territorial adhesion to American gun rights and in the high cost paid by the blood of innocents. Drawing on Vestergaard & Odde's (2021) concepts of socio-analysis and sociality, this paper explores the dynamic process of "mass-character" marked by "contagion, imitation, attraction and repulsion" that convolute cultural values of heritage and freedom into the perverse expression of mass violence.
在美国发生每一起校园枪击事件后,人们都会产生一种愿望和恐惧:这会是那起事件吗?这会成为一个在“携带武器的权利”的意义上存在严重分歧的国家发生变革的转折点吗?康涅狄格州的桑迪胡克?没有。佛罗里达州的帕克兰?没有。那么,为什么德克萨斯州乌瓦尔德市 19 名儿童和 2 名教师被杀事件可能有所不同?美国大规模校园枪击事件的流行反映了一个国家愿意让自己的孩子消失,愿意在典型的暴力文化的祭坛上牺牲他们。虽然在实施这种暴力的个人中,常常存在着异化、怨恨和蔑视等内在体验,但作者认为,美国对“孤狼”、“坚韧的个体”和“被误解的英雄”的独特美化,为这个似乎沉迷于古老父权制态度的国家中的大规模枪击者提供了一个支持性背景,同时也在加倍重视武器的同时,付出了无辜者的鲜血代价。这种父权制态度,由资本主义和枪支行业的利润所强调,与美国枪支权利的领土依附以及无辜者的高昂代价有关。本文借鉴了 Vestergaard 和 Odde(2021)的社会分析和社会性概念,探讨了“大规模特征”的动态过程,其特点是“传染、模仿、吸引和排斥”,将遗产和自由的文化价值观纠缠到大规模暴力的反常表达中。