Bohr Jeanette, Lengerer Andrea
GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences, Square B6, 4-5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany.
Eur J Popul. 2024 Mar 19;40(1):11. doi: 10.1007/s10680-024-09697-4.
In this study we examine partnership dynamics among people with different sexual orientations in Germany. More specifically, we explore the process of first partnership formation and first cohabitation among men and women who self-identify as heterosexual, homosexual or bisexual. Given the various discriminations against same-sex lifestyles, and the limited opportunities to meet potential partners, we assume that lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people form partnerships later in life and less frequently than heterosexuals. We further expect that the constantly improving social and legal climate for sexual minorities will lead to a reduction in differences in partnership behaviour by sexual orientation. We use retrospectively reported partnership biographies from the German Socio-Economic Panel, which was supplemented in 2019 with a boost sample of sexual and gender minority households. Using discrete-time event history models, we analyse nearly 15,000 episodes of being single and nearly 20,000 episodes of living without a partner in the household. Around 4.5% of these episodes are from people who self-identify as LGB. The results clearly show that patterns of partnership and coresidential union formation differ by sexual orientation. People with a homosexual orientation-and to a lesser extent people with a bisexual orientation-are less likely to enter into a first partnership and a first cohabitation than people with a heterosexual orientation. Significant changes occur across cohorts: LGB people from younger birth cohorts enter (cohabiting) partnerships much earlier and more frequently than those from older cohorts. Thus, the union formation patterns of LGB and straight people have converged slightly.
在本研究中，我们考察了德国不同性取向人群之间的伴侣关系动态。更具体地说，我们探讨了自我认定为异性恋、同性恋或双性恋的男性和女性首次建立伴侣关系和首次同居的过程。鉴于对同性生活方式存在各种歧视，以及结识潜在伴侣的机会有限，我们假设女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋（LGB）人群在生命后期建立伴侣关系的频率低于异性恋者。我们进一步预期，性少数群体的社会和法律环境不断改善，将导致伴侣行为在性取向上的差异减少。我们使用了德国社会经济面板回顾性报告的伴侣关系传记，该面板在2019年补充了性少数群体和性别少数群体家庭的强化样本。我们使用离散时间事件史模型，分析了近15000次单身经历和近20000次家中无伴侣的生活经历。其中约4.5%的经历来自自我认定为LGB的人群。结果清楚地表明，伴侣关系和同居关系的形成模式因性取向而异。与异性恋者相比，同性恋取向的人——以及程度较轻的双性恋取向的人——进入首次伴侣关系和首次同居的可能性较小。不同队列之间发生了显著变化：较年轻出生队列的LGB人群比年龄较大队列的人群更早、更频繁地进入（同居）伴侣关系。因此，LGB人群和异性恋人群的结合模式略有趋同。
