Panase Paiboon, Vongkampang Thitiwut, Wangkahart Eakapol, Sutthi Nantaporn
Fisheries Division, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand.
Unit of Excellence Physiology and Sustainable Production of Terrestrial and Aquatic Animals, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2024 Jun;50(3):1205-1224. doi: 10.1007/s10695-024-01331-8. Epub 2024 Mar 21.
The growth, immune response, and reproductive performance of broodstock of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under winter stress conditions were investigated the effects of supplementary diets with astaxanthin-enriched Paracoccus carotinifaciens. Throughout an eight-week period in the winter season, male and female tilapia were fed with diets containing different levels of P. carotinifaciens dietary supplementation: 0 g/kg (T1; control), 5 g/kg (T2), 10 g/kg (T3), and 20 g/kg (T4). Subsequently, a four-week mating system was implemented during the winter stress period. The results revealed that there were no significant differences observed in growth, hematological indices, and blood chemical profiles among all treatment groups for both male and female tilapia. However, a significant increase in cholesterol content was noted in both male and female tilapia fed with the T4 diet (p<0.05). The total carotenoid content in the muscle was evaluated, and significantly higher values were found in both male and female tilapia that fed T4 supplementation (p<0.05). Moreover, immunological parameters such as myeloperoxidase and antioxidant parameters in the liver including superoxide dismutase activity and catalase enzyme activity showed significant increases in tilapia fed with the T4 diet. The impact of P. carotinifaciens supplementation on broodstock tilapia indicated a significant increase in spermatozoa concentration in males and increased egg production in females after consumption of the T4 diet (p<0.05). Thus, this study highlighted that the presence of astaxanthin-enriched P. carotinifaciens in the diet of broodstock Nile tilapia can lead to the accumulation of carotenoids in their muscle tissue, improvement in antioxidant status, enhancement of immune function, and potential enhancement of reproductive capabilities, even under overwintering conditions.
研究了冬季应激条件下尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）亲鱼的生长、免疫反应和繁殖性能，以及富含虾青素的嗜胡萝卜素副球菌补充饲料的影响。在冬季的八周时间里，给雌雄罗非鱼投喂含有不同水平嗜胡萝卜素副球菌膳食补充剂的饲料：0 g/kg（T1；对照组）、5 g/kg（T2）、10 g/kg（T3）和20 g/kg（T4）。随后，在冬季应激期实施了为期四周的交配系统。结果显示，所有处理组的雌雄罗非鱼在生长、血液学指标和血液化学指标方面均未观察到显著差异。然而，饲喂T4饲料的雌雄罗非鱼胆固醇含量均显著增加（p<0.05）。评估了肌肉中的总类胡萝卜素含量，发现饲喂T4补充剂的雌雄罗非鱼的总类胡萝卜素含量均显著更高（p<0.05）。此外，饲喂T4饲料的罗非鱼的免疫参数如髓过氧化物酶以及肝脏中的抗氧化参数如超氧化物歧化酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性均显著增加。嗜胡萝卜素副球菌补充剂对亲鱼罗非鱼的影响表明，食用T4饲料后，雄性罗非鱼的精子浓度显著增加，雌性罗非鱼的产卵量增加（p<0.05）。因此，本研究强调，即使在越冬条件下，尼罗罗非鱼亲鱼饲料中富含虾青素的嗜胡萝卜素副球菌也可导致其肌肉组织中类胡萝卜素的积累，改善抗氧化状态，增强免疫功能，并可能提高繁殖能力。
