Discipline of Biokinetics, College of Health Sciences, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Glob Health Promot. 2024 Sep;31(3):90-100. doi: 10.1177/17579759231205852. Epub 2024 Mar 22.
Behavioural risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are rising among refugees, increasing chronic disease prevalence that causes morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to ascertain the prevalence, awareness and management of behavioural risk factors for NCDs among South African Durban-based refugees. A once-off quantitative, cross-sectional design was conducted on the behavioural risk factors for NCDs among 122 randomly selected Durban-based refugees using a modified version of the World Health Organisation (WHO) STEPwise approach to NCDs surveillance (STEPS) instrument. Participants' awareness and management of risk factors for NCDs were determined with a behavioural NCD awareness and management of behavioural NCD risk factor questionnaire. Smoking and alcohol prevalence were 4.1% and 20.7%, respectively, with 40.8% consuming fewer than five servings of fruit and/or vegetables daily. Participants performed more than 150 min of moderate physical activity per week. A significant 30.8% ( < 0.001) was aware that consuming alcohol poses an extremely large risk, similarly for smoking (38.7%; < 0.001]. A significant 56.2% ( < 0.001) believe that regularly eating raw vegetables presents no risk, likewise for being physically active (51.7%; < 0.001). A significant 40.6% ( < 0.001) of the participants always drink water or non-alcoholic drinks to manage their alcohol consumption, 54.2% ( < 0.001) manage their unhealthy diet by sometimes filling half their plates with fruits and vegetables, and 49.2% manage their physical activity levels by sometimes choosing a range of physical activities ( < 0.001). Refugees' lack of awareness of behavioural risk factors for NCDs highlights the importance for health service providers to present health promotion programs to make refugees aware of their behavioural NCD's risk factors and how it impacts their health.
非传染性疾病（NCD）的行为风险因素在难民中呈上升趋势，导致慢性病患病率上升，从而导致发病率和死亡率上升。本研究旨在确定南非德班难民中非传染性疾病行为风险因素的流行率、知晓率和管理情况。采用世界卫生组织（WHO）非传染性疾病监测（STEPS）工具的 STEPwise 方法的修改版，对 122 名随机选择的德班难民进行了一次性定量、横断面设计，以确定非传染性疾病的行为风险因素。使用行为 NCD 意识和行为 NCD 风险因素管理问卷确定参与者对 NCD 风险因素的意识和管理情况。吸烟和饮酒的流行率分别为 4.1%和 20.7%，每天食用少于 5 份水果和/或蔬菜的比例为 40.8%。参与者每周进行超过 150 分钟的适度体育活动。有 30.8%（<0.001）的人非常清楚饮酒会带来极大的风险，同样有 38.7%（<0.001）的人认为吸烟会带来极大的风险。有 56.2%（<0.001）的人认为经常食用生蔬菜没有风险，同样有 51.7%（<0.001）的人认为经常进行体育活动没有风险。有 40.6%（<0.001）的参与者总是通过喝水或不含酒精的饮料来控制饮酒量，54.2%（<0.001）通过有时将半盘水果和蔬菜填满来控制不健康的饮食，49.2%（<0.001）通过有时选择一系列体育活动来控制体育活动水平。难民对非传染性疾病行为风险因素的认识不足，这凸显了卫生服务提供者提供健康促进计划的重要性，以使难民了解其非传染性疾病行为风险因素以及这些风险因素如何影响他们的健康。
