Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Pathology Section, Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Eur J Public Health. 2024 Jun 7;34(3):566-571. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae050.
The objective is to estimate the importance of the decrease of smoking habits in Sweden for the occurrence of lung cancer.
The change in smoking habits in the general population was retrieved from surveys and on taxation of sale of cigarettes. We used data from the Swedish Cancer Register on incidence of lung cancer between 1970 and 2021, stratified for sex, age and cell type, and compared the occurrence overtime in ages between 40 and 84 years.
The sale of cigarettes peaked in 1980 to 1800 cigarettes per person and decreased to 600 per person in 2021. The change in incidence rates of squamous cell cancer and other cell types varied over time, sex, and age in a pattern that partly seems to be explained by change in the prevalence of daily smokers. The incidence of adenocarcinoma was similar in men and women 1970-2021 and increased, e.g. for women and men 75-79 years of age from around 20 cases in early 1970s to around 120 cases per 100 000 person-years in the 2020s.
Our data indicate that the risk of lung cancer several years after smoking cessation is less favourable than previously studies have indicated. There is a similar increase in the incidence of adenocarcinoma in men and women which is hard to explain only with changing smoking habits. The change from non-filter to filter cigarettes in the 1960s-1970s may be a contributing factor.
本研究旨在评估瑞典吸烟习惯下降对肺癌发生的重要性。
从调查和香烟销售税收中获取了普通人群吸烟习惯的变化情况。我们使用了瑞典癌症登记处 1970 年至 2021 年期间肺癌发病率的数据，按性别、年龄和细胞类型进行分层，并比较了 40 至 84 岁年龄段随时间的发病情况。
香烟销售量在 1980 年达到峰值，为每人 1800 支，到 2021 年降至每人 600 支。鳞癌和其他细胞类型的发病率随时间、性别和年龄变化的模式部分似乎可以用每日吸烟者的流行率变化来解释。1970 年至 2021 年间，男性和女性的腺癌发病率相似，并且有所增加，例如，75-79 岁的女性和男性，从 20 世纪 70 年代早期的约 20 例/10 万人年增加到 21 世纪 20 年代的约 120 例/10 万人年。
我们的数据表明，戒烟多年后患肺癌的风险比以前的研究表明的要不利。腺癌在男性和女性中的发病率都有所增加，仅用吸烟习惯的改变很难解释这一现象。20 世纪 60 年代至 70 年代从无嘴香烟到过滤嘴香烟的转变可能是一个促成因素。
