Wakai K, Ohno Y, Genka K, Ohmine K, Kawamura T, Tamakoshi A, Aoki R, Kojima M, Lin Y, Aoki K, Fukuma S
Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan.
J Epidemiol. 1997 Jun;7(2):99-105. doi: 10.2188/jea.7.99.
To disclose the association between smoking habits and lung cancer in Okinawa, Japan, we analyzed the data from a case-control study conducted from 1988 to 1991. The analysis, based on 333 cases and 666 age-, sex- and residence-matched population controls, provided the following major findings. (a) The odds ratios (ORs) for current smokers relative to nonsmokers were much greater for squamous cell carcinoma than for adenocarcinoma. The OR was 9.82 for squamous cell carcinoma and 2.18 for adenocarcinoma in males, 28.2 and 1.14, correspondingly, in females. (b) Males who quit smoking for 20 years or more demonstrated no elevated lung cancer risk. (c) Among male current smokers, the more the number of cigarettes smoked per day, the higher the lung cancer risk for both cell types, but particularly for squamous cell carcinoma. In contrast, deep smoke inhalation significantly increased the risk for adenocarcinoma in particular. (d) Okinawan brand cigarettes were more strongly associated with the risk, compared with other brand ones. This finding might partly explain the higher frequency of lung cancer in males with the relatively lower smoking rate in Okinawa.
为了揭示日本冲绳地区吸烟习惯与肺癌之间的关联，我们分析了1988年至1991年进行的一项病例对照研究的数据。该分析基于333例病例和666名年龄、性别及居住地区匹配的人群对照，得出了以下主要结果。(a) 鳞状细胞癌的现吸烟者相对于非吸烟者的优势比（OR）远高于腺癌。男性中，鳞状细胞癌的OR为9.82，腺癌为2.18；女性中相应的OR分别为28.2和1.14。(b) 戒烟20年及以上的男性患肺癌风险并未升高。(c) 在男性现吸烟者中，两种细胞类型的肺癌风险均随每日吸烟量的增加而升高，但鳞状细胞癌尤为明显。相比之下，深度吸入吸烟显著增加了腺癌的风险。(d) 与其他品牌香烟相比，冲绳品牌香烟与风险的关联更强。这一发现可能部分解释了冲绳地区吸烟率相对较低的男性中肺癌发病率较高的原因。
