Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Parasit Vectors. 2024 Mar 23;17(1):153. doi: 10.1186/s13071-024-06242-4.
Recent studies point to the need to incorporate the detection of non-falciparum species into malaria surveillance activities in sub-Saharan Africa, where 95% of the world's malaria cases occur. Although malaria caused by infection with Plasmodium falciparum is typically more severe than malaria caused by the non-falciparum Plasmodium species P. malariae, P. ovale spp. and P. vivax, the latter may be more challenging to diagnose, treat, control and ultimately eliminate. The prevalence of non-falciparum species throughout sub-Saharan Africa is poorly defined. Tanzania has geographical heterogeneity in transmission levels but an overall high malaria burden.
To estimate the prevalence of malaria species in Mainland Tanzania, we randomly selected 1428 samples from 6005 asymptomatic isolates collected in previous cross-sectional community surveys across four regions and analyzed these by quantitative PCR to detect and identify the Plasmodium species.
Plasmodium falciparum was the most prevalent species in all samples, with P. malariae and P. ovale spp. detected at a lower prevalence (< 5%) in all four regions; P. vivax was not detected in any sample.
The results of this study indicate that malaria elimination efforts in Tanzania will need to account for and enhance surveillance of these non-falciparum species.
最近的研究表明,有必要将非恶性疟原虫物种的检测纳入撒哈拉以南非洲的疟疾监测活动中,因为全球 95%的疟疾病例发生在该地区。虽然由恶性疟原虫感染引起的疟疾通常比由非恶性疟原虫疟疾病原体引起的疟疾更严重,如疟原虫、疟原虫和疟原虫,但后者可能更难诊断、治疗、控制和最终消除。整个撒哈拉以南非洲地区非恶性疟原虫物种的流行情况定义不明确。坦桑尼亚的传播水平存在地域异质性,但疟疾负担总体较高。
为了估计坦桑尼亚大陆的疟疾物种流行率,我们从之前在四个地区进行的 6005 例无症状感染者的横断面社区调查中随机选择了 1428 个样本,并通过定量 PCR 分析这些样本,以检测和识别疟原虫物种。
在所有样本中,恶性疟原虫是最常见的物种,在所有四个地区,疟疾病原体和疟原虫的检出率较低(<5%);在任何样本中均未检测到疟原虫。
本研究结果表明,坦桑尼亚的疟疾消除工作将需要考虑并加强对这些非恶性疟原虫物种的监测。