Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.
Protein Sci. 2024 Apr;33(4):e4968. doi: 10.1002/pro.4968.
The rationale for replacing the old binary of structure-function with the trinity of structure, disorder, and function has gained considerable ground in recent years. A continuum model based on the expanded form of the existing paradigm can now subsume importance of both conformational flexibility and intrinsic disorder in protein function. The disorder is actually critical for understanding the protein-protein interactions in many regulatory processes, formation of membrane-less organelles, and our revised notions of specificity as amply illustrated by moonlighting proteins. While its importance in formation of amyloids and function of prions is often discussed, the roles of intrinsic disorder in infectious diseases and protein function under extreme conditions are also becoming clear. This review is an attempt to discuss how our current understanding of protein function, specificity, and evolution fit better with the continuum model. This integration of structure and disorder under a single model may bring greater clarity in our continuing quest for understanding proteins and molecular mechanisms of their functionality.
近年来,用结构、无序和功能三位一体取代旧的结构-功能二元论的理由已经得到了相当大的支持。基于现有范式扩展形式的连续模型现在可以包含构象灵活性和蛋白质功能中固有无序的重要性。无序实际上对于理解许多调节过程中的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用、无膜细胞器的形成以及我们对多功能蛋白质的重新认识至关重要。虽然无序在淀粉样蛋白形成和朊病毒功能中的作用经常被讨论,但固有无序在传染病和极端条件下蛋白质功能中的作用也变得越来越清楚。这篇综述试图讨论我们对蛋白质功能、特异性和进化的现有理解如何更好地适应连续模型。在单一模型下整合结构和无序可能会使我们在不断探索理解蛋白质及其功能的分子机制的过程中更加清晰。
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