Kasahara Masaaki, Someya Tomoko, Kitamura Kei, Watanabe Genji, Matsunaga Satoru, Abe Shinichi, Hattori Masayuki
Department of Dental Materials Science, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo 101-006, Japan.
Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo 101-006, Japan.
J Funct Biomater. 2024 Feb 22;15(3):56. doi: 10.3390/jfb15030056.
The hyoid is the only bone in the human body that is completely independent, not forming a joint with any other bone; its position is maintained by the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles, as well as several ligaments. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the effect of the functional pressure arising from these muscles and ligaments on the hyoid body structure from its bone mineral density, bone quality, and histological observations. The area between the mesial-most part of each lesser horn and the center of the hyoid body was divided equally into four measurement regions. We conducted histological investigations at each measurement region and observed the entheses. To analyze bone mass and bone quality, we also measured bone mineral density (BMD) and analyzed biological apatite (BAp) crystallite orientation in the same regions. Histological observations identified periosteal insertions and fibrocartilaginous entheses. There was no significant difference in BMD between any of the measurement regions, but the preferential orientation of BAp crystallites was stronger in the infrahyoid muscles and ligaments, where fibrocartilaginous entheses are found, than in other places. This suggests that the functional pressure at these sites might exert a major effect not only on the morphological characteristics of the entheses but also on bone quality.
舌骨是人体中唯一完全独立的骨骼，不与其他任何骨骼形成关节；其位置由舌骨上肌群和舌骨下肌群以及几条韧带维持。本研究的目的是从骨矿物质密度、骨质量和组织学观察方面确定这些肌肉和韧带产生的功能压力对舌骨体结构的影响。每个小角最内侧部分与舌骨体中心之间的区域被平均分为四个测量区域。我们在每个测量区域进行了组织学研究并观察了附着点。为了分析骨量和骨质量，我们还测量了相同区域的骨矿物质密度（BMD）并分析了生物磷灰石（BAp）微晶取向。组织学观察发现了骨膜附着和纤维软骨附着点。任何测量区域之间的BMD均无显著差异，但在发现纤维软骨附着点的舌骨下肌群和韧带中，BAp微晶的优先取向比其他部位更强。这表明这些部位的功能压力可能不仅对附着点的形态特征而且对骨质量都有重大影响。
