Liu Changyan, Yang Fangwen, Li Li, Han Xuesong, Chen Hongwei, Sha Aihua, Jiao Chunhai
Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, China.
Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430063, China.
Metabolites. 2024 Mar 21;14(3):175. doi: 10.3390/metabo14030175.
The faba bean, a significant cool-season edible legume crop, is susceptible to drought during the germination stage. Research regarding the genetic regulation of drought tolerance throughout this stage in the faba bean is limited. The differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in faba beans between the drought-tolerant variety C105 and the drought-sensitive variant E1 during seed germination were identified in this work, accomplished through isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) analysis. A total of 3827 proteins were identified in the two varieties of germinating seeds. Compared to those of variety E1, an increase in 108 DEPs and a decrease in 61 DEPs were observed in variety C105 under drought. Conversely, in the control group, variety C105 showed 108 significantly upregulated DEPs and 55 significantly downregulated DEPs. GO and KEGG analyses showed that the DEPs associated with glutathione metabolism and protein processing demonstrated significant increases in response to drought stress. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis unveiled three closely connected functional modules of protein translation, DNA replication, and post-translational modification, originating from 22 DEPs derived from the germination period of two varieties under drought stress. To verify the proteomic function, we selected three differentially expressed protein coding genes, which were overexpressed or silenced in tobacco, thereby enhancing the drought resistance of tobacco. This was accompanied via altered levels of superoxide dismutase or peroxidase in transgenic plants under drought stress. The possible mechanism for drought tolerance in germinating seeds of faba bean involves increasing protein translation, decreasing DNA replication, and modifying chromatin. These findings offer invaluable insights into the reaction mechanism in response to drought stress in faba beans. The identified DEPs could be utilized in faba bean breeding initiatives to manage drought.
蚕豆是一种重要的冷季食用豆类作物，在发芽阶段易受干旱影响。关于蚕豆这一阶段耐旱性的遗传调控研究有限。本研究通过相对和绝对定量等压标签（iTRAQ）分析，鉴定了耐旱品种C105和干旱敏感变种E1在种子萌发期间蚕豆中的差异表达蛋白（DEP）。在两个发芽种子品种中总共鉴定出3827种蛋白质。与品种E1相比，干旱条件下品种C105中108个DEP增加，61个DEP减少。相反，在对照组中，品种C105显示108个DEP显著上调，55个DEP显著下调。GO和KEGG分析表明，与谷胱甘肽代谢和蛋白质加工相关的DEP在干旱胁迫下显著增加。蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）分析揭示了蛋白质翻译、DNA复制和翻译后修饰三个紧密相连的功能模块，它们源自干旱胁迫下两个品种萌发期的22个DEP。为了验证蛋白质组学功能，我们选择了三个差异表达的蛋白质编码基因，它们在烟草中过表达或沉默，从而增强了烟草的抗旱性。干旱胁迫下转基因植物中超氧化物歧化酶或过氧化物酶水平的改变伴随了这一过程。蚕豆种子萌发期耐旱的可能机制包括增加蛋白质翻译、减少DNA复制和修饰染色质。这些发现为蚕豆对干旱胁迫的反应机制提供了宝贵的见解。鉴定出的DEP可用于蚕豆育种计划以应对干旱。
