Rojas-Padilla Isabel Cristina, Portela-Pino Iago, Martínez-Patiño María José
Faculty of Educational and Sports Sciences, National School of Sports, Cali 760042, Colombia.
Department of Special Didactics, Faculty of Education and Sports Sciences, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain.
Sports (Basel). 2024 Mar 8;12(3):77. doi: 10.3390/sports12030077.
Eating disorders are psychiatric and behavioral health pathologies of high complexity and different etiology, which can affect age groups, sexes, and ethnicities indistinctly. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of eating disorders and the possible relation with the sports profile of Colombian adolescent athletes. This was an exploratory cross-sectional quantitative study that used an online form designed with a sociodemographic questionnaire and the EAT-26 scale to determine the eating disorder risk of the object population. A total of 354 adolescent athletes participated. There were 182 men and 172 women and the mean age was 15.59 (range: 10-19 years, SD = 1.938). The participants presented a significantly low risk of eating disorders (21.2%) with no differences in prevalence between both sexes. The risk of eating disorder was related to the result of the last competition ( = 0.01), the type of sport ( = 0.032), the years of sports practice ( = 0.004), and the number of training hours a day ( = 0.011). It is relevant to recognize that adolescents and athletes are vulnerable populations regarding eating disorders. In conclusion, adolescent athletes should be the object of special attention to prevent eating disorders and their consequences on health and sports performance.
饮食失调是具有高度复杂性和不同病因的精神和行为健康病理学问题，可无差别地影响各个年龄组、性别和种族。本研究旨在评估饮食失调的风险以及与哥伦比亚青少年运动员运动概况之间的可能关系。这是一项探索性横断面定量研究，使用了一个在线表格，该表格设计有社会人口统计学问卷和EAT - 26量表，以确定目标人群的饮食失调风险。共有354名青少年运动员参与。其中男性182人，女性172人，平均年龄为15.59岁（范围：10 - 19岁，标准差 = 1.938）。参与者出现饮食失调的风险显著较低（21.2%），两性之间患病率无差异。饮食失调风险与最近一次比赛的结果（P = 0.01）、运动类型（P = 0.032）、运动练习年限（P = 0.004）以及每天的训练小时数（P = 0.011）有关。认识到青少年和运动员在饮食失调方面是弱势群体是很重要的。总之，青少年运动员应成为特别关注的对象，以预防饮食失调及其对健康和运动表现的后果。
