Ottaiano Maria, Brunetti Roberta, Limone Antonio, Capone Maria Rosaria, Di Giuseppe Alessandra, Conte Annamaria, De Massis Fabrizio, Chiodini Paolo, Signoriello Simona, Baldi Loredana, De Carlo E
Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, 80055 Portici, Italy.
Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis (Brucella abortus, Brucella melitensis, Brucella suis), Reference Laboratory for Ovine Epididymitis (Brucella ovis), Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Abruzzo and Molise "G. Corporal, Via Campo Boario, 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Vet Sci. 2024 Mar 6;11(3):119. doi: 10.3390/vetsci11030119.
Bovine and bubaline brucellosis is still present in some regions of Italy. Although control and eradication measures have been implemented for several years, the brucellosis situation remains problematic in the Campania region. The infection is present in the provinces of Salerno and Caserta, with the latter experiencing a drastic increase in the prevalence and incidence of infection in buffalo species (Bubalus bubalis) in recent years. The brucellosis eradication plan in Italy is subject to the European co-financing system, and failure to achieve the objectives of the plan has resulted in economic cuts for the Campania Region for years. This study aimed to evaluate the possible risk factors associated with the spread and persistence of brucellosis infection on buffalo farms in the Province of Caserta. The results of official controls carried out from 2015 to 2020 on the buffalo farms of the Province were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed by means of the R software (version 4.1.0) on a final dataset consisting of 4583 observations. The possible association between covariates and outcome (presence/absence of infection) was evaluated (T-Fisher and Wilcoxon). A logistic regression model with mixed effects was carried out. The study shows that the risk of infection is statistically associated with the density of farms per square km and previous notifications of abortions on the same farms. Furthermore, animal movements constitute a risk factor for the permanence of infection over time (OR > 1), and herds already infected prior to 2015 were seen to have an almost three-fold higher risk of developing the disease (OR = 3.35).
牛和水牛布鲁氏菌病在意大利的一些地区仍然存在。尽管已经实施了数年的控制和根除措施，但坎帕尼亚地区的布鲁氏菌病情况仍然存在问题。感染存在于萨勒诺省和卡塞塔省，近年来，后者水牛（水牛属）的感染患病率和发病率急剧上升。意大利的布鲁氏菌病根除计划受欧洲共同融资系统的制约，未能实现该计划的目标导致坎帕尼亚地区多年来遭受经济削减。本研究旨在评估与卡塞塔省水牛养殖场布鲁氏菌病感染传播和持续存在相关的可能风险因素。分析了2015年至2020年对该省水牛养殖场进行的官方检查结果。使用R软件（版本4.1.0）对由4583条观测数据组成的最终数据集进行统计分析。评估了协变量与结果（感染的存在/不存在）之间的可能关联（T检验和威尔科克森检验）。进行了具有混合效应的逻辑回归模型分析。研究表明，感染风险在统计学上与每平方公里养殖场的密度以及同一养殖场先前的流产报告相关。此外，动物流动是感染随时间持续存在的一个风险因素（比值比>1），并且在2015年之前已经感染的畜群患该病的风险几乎高出三倍（比值比=3.35）。
