Moore Brian A, Straud Casey L, Hale Willie J, Baker Monty T, Gardner Cubby L, Judkins Jason L, Shinn Antoinette M, Savell Shelia W, Cigrang Jeffery A, Mintz Jim, Rouska Ashton, McMahon Chelsea, Lara-Ruiz Jose M, Young-Mccaughan Stacey, Peterson Alan L
Department of Psychological Science, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Mil Psychol. 2021 Sep 9;33(6):436-445. doi: 10.1080/08995605.2021.1962192. eCollection 2021.
Psychiatric aeromedical evacuations are one of the leading causes of medical related evacuations of US military personnel from combat. Currently, no studies have examined gender and marital status of individuals who were evacuated from combat for a psychiatric diagnosis. Psychiatric aeromedical evacuation data from 5,957 United States military personnel deployed to Iraq or Afghanistan between 2001 and 2013 were analyzed using chi-square tests of independence, odds ratios (OR), and standardized residuals. Analyses showed that female service members were evacuated at higher rates (178 per 100,000) than males (115 per 100,000). When compared to nonmarried females, married females did not present with increased risk of psychiatric aeromedical evacuation on any diagnosis. Married males, however, were more likely to be evacuated than married females for PTSD (OR = 1.98) and TBI (OR = 1.14). Likewise, married males, compared to nonmarried males, were more likely to be evacuated for PTSD (OR = 1.66) and anxiety (OR = 1.38). Although deployments can be extremely stressful experiences for some military service members, they may be especially so among unmarried females and married males. This study provides a unique contribution to enhancing the understanding of risk factors related to psychiatric aeromedical evacuation for deployed service members.
精神科航空医疗后送是美军人员因医疗原因从战场撤离的主要原因之一。目前，尚无研究调查过因精神科诊断而从战场撤离人员的性别和婚姻状况。使用独立性卡方检验、比值比（OR）和标准化残差，对2001年至2013年间被部署到伊拉克或阿富汗的5957名美国军事人员的精神科航空医疗后送数据进行了分析。分析表明，女性服役人员的撤离率（每10万人中有178人）高于男性（每10万人中有115人）。与未婚女性相比，已婚女性在任何诊断下精神科航空医疗后送的风险均未增加。然而，已婚男性因创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）（OR = 1.98）和创伤性脑损伤（TBI）（OR = 1.14）而被撤离的可能性高于已婚女性。同样，与未婚男性相比，已婚男性因PTSD（OR = 1.66）和焦虑症（OR = 1.38）而被撤离的可能性更大。尽管部署对一些军事服役人员来说可能是极具压力的经历，但对未婚女性和已婚男性来说可能尤其如此。这项研究为增进对部署服役人员精神科航空医疗后送相关风险因素的理解做出了独特贡献。
