Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
Psychol Res. 2013 Sep;77(5):659-69. doi: 10.1007/s00426-012-0454-8. Epub 2012 Sep 25.
The present study investigates a possible memory advantage for solutions that were reached through insightful problem solving. We hypothesized that insight solutions (with Aha! experience) would be remembered better than noninsight solutions (without Aha! experience). 34 video clips of magic tricks were presented to 50 participants as a novel problem-solving task, asking them to find out how the trick was achieved. Upon discovering the solution, participants had to indicate whether they had experienced insight during the solving process. After a delay of 14 days, a recall of solutions was conducted. Overall, 55 % of previously solved tricks were recalled correctly. Comparing insight and noninsight solutions, 64.4 % of all insight solutions were recalled correctly, whereas only 52.4 % of all noninsight solutions were recalled correctly. We interpret this finding as a facilitating effect of previous insight experiences on the recall of solutions.
本研究调查了通过有洞察力的问题解决方法得出的解决方案可能具有的记忆优势。我们假设，有顿悟体验的解决方案（顿悟解决方案）会比没有顿悟体验的非顿悟解决方案（非顿悟解决方案）记得更好。50 名参与者观看了 34 个魔术视频片段，作为一项新颖的解决问题任务，要求他们找出魔术是如何实现的。在发现解决方案后，参与者必须表明他们在解决过程中是否有顿悟体验。14 天后，进行了一次解决方案的回忆测试。总的来说，55%的之前解决的魔术被正确回忆。比较顿悟和非顿悟解决方案，64.4%的所有顿悟解决方案被正确回忆，而只有 52.4%的所有非顿悟解决方案被正确回忆。我们将这一发现解释为先前的顿悟体验对解决方案回忆的促进作用。
