Aldè Mirko, Zanetti Diego, Ambrosetti Umberto, Monaco Eleonora, Gasbarre Anna Maria, Pignataro Lorenzo, Cantarella Giovanna, Barozzi Stefania
Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Audiology Unit, Department of Specialist Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Children (Basel). 2024 Mar 9;11(3):324. doi: 10.3390/children11030324.
The aim of this study was to evaluate audiological characteristics and parents' opinions on hearing device use in children with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss (USNHL) who attended a tertiary-level audiologic center. The medical charts of 70 children aged 6 to 12 years with USNHL were reviewed. In 51.4% of cases, the children were diagnosed with USNHL after the age of 2 years. The main causes of USNHL were congenital cytomegalovirus infection (21.4%) and unilateral cochlear nerve hypoplasia (12.9%). The percentage of patients wearing a hearing device was 45.7% (32/70); of these, 28 (87.5%) wore a conventional hearing aid, 2 (6.3%) a CROS device, and 2 (6.3%) a cochlear implant. Regarding the choice to use a hearing device, no significant differences were found between the subcategories of hearing loss degree ( = 0.55) and audiometric configuration ( = 0.54). Most parents of children with mild-to-severe USNHL observed improved attention (90.9%), and reduced fatigue and restlessness (86.4%) using the hearing aid. These children performed significantly better on all audiological tests (speech perception in quiet and in noise conditions, and sound localization) while wearing the hearing aid ( < 0.001). More efforts should be made to raise awareness among professionals and parents about the negative consequences of uncorrected USNHL.
本研究的目的是评估在一家三级听力中心就诊的单侧感音神经性听力损失（USNHL）儿童的听力特征以及家长对听力设备使用的看法。回顾了70例6至12岁USNHL儿童的病历。在51.4%的病例中，儿童在2岁以后被诊断为USNHL。USNHL的主要原因是先天性巨细胞病毒感染（21.4%）和单侧耳蜗神经发育不全（12.9%）。佩戴听力设备的患者比例为45.7%（32/70）；其中，28例（87.5%）佩戴传统助听器，2例（6.3%）佩戴对侧信号互传（CROS）装置，2例（6.3%）佩戴人工耳蜗。关于使用听力设备的选择，在听力损失程度亚类（P = 0.55）和听力图配置（P = 0.54）之间未发现显著差异。大多数轻度至重度USNHL儿童的家长观察到使用助听器后注意力有所改善（90.9%），疲劳和烦躁情绪有所减轻（86.4%）。这些儿童在佩戴助听器时，在所有听力测试（安静和噪声环境下的言语感知以及声音定位）中表现明显更好（P < 0.001）。应做出更多努力，提高专业人员和家长对未矫正USNHL负面后果的认识。
