Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810107, Nigeria.
Biomolecules. 2024 Mar 4;14(3):305. doi: 10.3390/biom14030305.
The majority of approved therapies for many diseases are developed to target their underlying pathophysiology. Understanding disease pathophysiology has thus proven vital to the successful development of clinically useful medications. Stroke is generally accepted as the leading cause of adult disability globally and ischemic stroke accounts for the most common form of the two main stroke types. Despite its health and socioeconomic burden, there is still minimal availability of effective pharmacological therapies for its treatment. In this review, we take an in-depth look at the etiology and pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, including molecular and cellular changes. This is followed by a highlight of drugs, cellular therapies, and complementary medicines that are approved or undergoing clinical trials for the treatment and management of ischemic stroke. We also identify unexplored potential targets in stroke pathogenesis that can be exploited to increase the pool of effective anti-stroke and neuroprotective agents through de novo drug development and drug repurposing.
大多数针对许多疾病的已批准疗法都是针对其潜在的病理生理学开发的。因此，了解疾病的病理生理学已被证明对成功开发临床有用的药物至关重要。中风通常被认为是全球导致成年人残疾的主要原因，而缺血性中风是两种主要中风类型中最常见的形式。尽管其对健康和社会经济造成了负担，但针对其治疗方法的有效药物治疗方法仍然很少。在这篇综述中，我们深入探讨了缺血性中风的病因和病理生理学，包括分子和细胞变化。接下来，我们重点介绍了已批准或正在进行临床试验的用于治疗和管理缺血性中风的药物、细胞疗法和补充药物。我们还确定了中风发病机制中尚未开发的潜在靶点，可以通过从头开发药物和药物再利用来增加有效的抗中风和神经保护剂库。
