Kul Ayse Nilgun, Ozturk Kurt Bahar
Department of Hematology, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital, Istanbul 34865, Turkey.
Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey.
J Pers Med. 2024 Feb 20;14(3):221. doi: 10.3390/jpm14030221.
Multiple myeloma is a hematological malignancy characterized by anemia, antibodies causing kidney damage, and damage to multiple organs, which come together to cause morbidity. Although oxidative stress is not a core pathological aspect of multiple myeloma, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant balance have been shown to play a role in the disease process and are considered in its management. In the presented study, we aim to assess the reliability of specific oxidant and antioxidant variables as potential biomarkers for multiple myeloma and to determine which of these variables might exhibit higher sensitivity in predicting multiple myeloma.
This case-control study was conducted between March 2023 and August 2023. A total of 30 multiple myeloma patients, newly diagnosed according to the multiple myeloma diagnostic criteria revised by the International Myeloma Study Group in 2014, and a total of 30 volunteers without multiple myeloma were included in this study. Serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured with the first blood samples taken after inclusion.
The groups had similar age ( = 0.623) and sex distribution ( = 1.000). MDA (cut-off: >4.35, < 0.001), GSH-Px (<59.8, < 0.001), CAT (<67.2, < 0.001), SOD (<21.2, = 0.001), and NO (>38.5, < 0.001) could significantly detect multiple myeloma. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that increased MDA ( = 0.003) and NO ( = 0.001) levels and decreased GSH-Px ( = 0.001), CAT ( = 0.001), and SOD levels were independently associated with multiple myeloma disease.
The presence of increased antioxidant levels and decreased antioxidant levels in patients with multiple myeloma is the clearest indicator of increased oxidative stress. These parameters may help to identify potential therapeutic targets and develop strategies to control disease progression.
多发性骨髓瘤是一种血液系统恶性肿瘤，其特征为贫血、导致肾脏损伤的抗体以及多器官损伤，这些共同导致发病。尽管氧化应激并非多发性骨髓瘤的核心病理方面，但活性氧（ROS）和抗氧化平衡已被证明在疾病过程中发挥作用，并在其治疗中得到考虑。在本研究中，我们旨在评估特定氧化剂和抗氧化剂变量作为多发性骨髓瘤潜在生物标志物的可靠性，并确定这些变量中哪些在预测多发性骨髓瘤时可能表现出更高的敏感性。
本病例对照研究于2023年3月至2023年8月进行。根据2014年国际骨髓瘤研究小组修订的多发性骨髓瘤诊断标准，共纳入30例新诊断的多发性骨髓瘤患者，以及30例无多发性骨髓瘤的志愿者。纳入后采集的第一份血样用于检测血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT），以及丙二醛（MDA）和一氧化氮（NO）水平。
两组在年龄（=0.623）和性别分布（=1.000）上相似。MDA（临界值：>4.35，<0.001）、GSH-Px（<59.8，<0.001）、CAT（<67.2，<0.001）、SOD（<21.2，=0.001）和NO（>38.5，<0.001）能够显著检测出多发性骨髓瘤。多因素逻辑回归显示，MDA（=0.003）和NO（=0.001）水平升高以及GSH-Px（=0.001）、CAT（=0.001）和SOD水平降低与多发性骨髓瘤疾病独立相关。
多发性骨髓瘤患者抗氧化剂水平升高和氧化剂水平降低的存在是氧化应激增加的最明显指标。这些参数可能有助于识别潜在的治疗靶点并制定控制疾病进展的策略。
