Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Mar 14;25(6):3319. doi: 10.3390/ijms25063319.
The population of cancer survivors has markedly increased due to the rapid improvements in cancer treatment. However, cancer survivors experience accelerated aging, which leads to chronic diseases and other age-related conditions, such as frailty. Those conditions may persist years after cancer diagnosis and treatment. Cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, is one of the mechanisms that contribute to accelerated aging in cancer survivors. Several aging measures, including measures based on clinical markers and biomarkers, have been proposed to estimate the aging process, and some of them have shown associations with mortality and frailty in cancer survivors. Several anti-aging interventions, including lifestyle changes and anti-aging drugs, have been proposed. Future research, particularly in large-scale studies, is needed to determine the efficiency of these aging measures and anti-aging interventions before considering their application in clinics. This review focuses on the mechanisms of cellular senescence and accelerated aging in cancer survivors, assessment of the aging process using clinical markers and biomarkers, and the high prevalence of frailty in that population, as well as possible opportunities for anti-aging interventions. A deeper understanding of aging measures and anti-aging interventions in cancer survivors will contribute to the development of effective strategies to mitigate accelerated aging in cancer survivors and improve their quality of life.
由于癌症治疗的快速进步，癌症幸存者的人数显著增加。然而，癌症幸存者经历加速衰老，导致慢性疾病和其他与年龄相关的疾病，如虚弱。这些情况可能在癌症诊断和治疗后持续多年。细胞衰老，衰老的标志之一，是导致癌症幸存者加速衰老的机制之一。已经提出了几种衰老测量方法，包括基于临床标志物和生物标志物的测量方法，以估计衰老过程，其中一些方法已经显示出与癌症幸存者的死亡率和虚弱有关。已经提出了几种抗衰老干预措施，包括生活方式的改变和抗衰老药物。未来的研究，特别是在大规模研究中，需要确定这些衰老测量方法和抗衰老干预措施的效率，然后再考虑将其应用于临床。这篇综述重点讨论了癌症幸存者中细胞衰老和加速衰老的机制、使用临床标志物和生物标志物评估衰老过程，以及该人群中虚弱的高发率，以及抗衰老干预的可能机会。更深入地了解癌症幸存者的衰老测量方法和抗衰老干预措施将有助于制定有效的策略来减轻癌症幸存者的加速衰老，提高他们的生活质量。
