Alven Sibusiso, Aderibigbe Blessing Atim
Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6001, South Africa.
Pharmaceutics. 2024 Feb 26;16(3):327. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16030327.
Bacterial infections are major problems in wound care due to their impact on the retarded process of wound healing, leading to chronic wounds. Most of the presently utilized wound dressing products exhibit poor antimicrobial properties. Wound dressings formulated from chitosan have been reported to be effective for treating infected wounds, resulting from the antibacterial properties of chitosan. The antibacterial properties of chitosan-based wound dressings can be further enhanced by incorporating metallic nanoparticles into them, such as silver, zinc, titanium, etc. The incorporation of silver nanoparticles into chitosan-based wound dressings has been widely explored in the design of antimicrobial wound dressings. The incorporation of silver nanoparticles into chitosan-based wound dressings promotes accelerated wound-healing processes due to enhanced antimicrobial activity. The accelerated wound healing by these metal-based nanoparticles is via the regulation of re-epithelialization and inflammation without affecting the viability of normal cells. However, there have been few reports that evaluate these wound dressings in infectious animal models to prove their efficacy. The in vivo toxicity of silver nanoparticles still needs to be addressed, revealing the need for further preclinical and clinical trials. The fabrication of wound dressings incorporated with silver nanoparticles has not been fully explored, especially for wounds requiring immediate treatment. The possible interactions between silver nanoparticles and chitosan scaffolds that result in synergistic effects still need to be understood and studied. This review provides a comprehensive report on the preclinical outcomes of chitosan wound dressing materials loaded with silver nanoparticles for managing infected wounds.
细菌感染是伤口护理中的主要问题，因为它们会影响伤口愈合的延迟过程，导致慢性伤口。目前使用的大多数伤口敷料产品抗菌性能较差。据报道，由壳聚糖制成的伤口敷料对治疗感染伤口有效，这归因于壳聚糖的抗菌特性。通过将金属纳米颗粒（如银、锌、钛等）掺入壳聚糖基伤口敷料中，可以进一步增强其抗菌性能。在抗菌伤口敷料的设计中，已广泛探索将银纳米颗粒掺入壳聚糖基伤口敷料中。将银纳米颗粒掺入壳聚糖基伤口敷料中可促进伤口愈合加速，这是由于抗菌活性增强。这些基于金属的纳米颗粒加速伤口愈合是通过调节再上皮化和炎症，而不影响正常细胞的活力。然而，很少有报道在感染动物模型中评估这些伤口敷料以证明其疗效。银纳米颗粒的体内毒性仍需解决，这表明需要进一步进行临床前和临床试验。掺入银纳米颗粒的伤口敷料的制备尚未得到充分探索，特别是对于需要立即治疗的伤口。银纳米颗粒与壳聚糖支架之间可能产生协同效应的相互作用仍需了解和研究。本综述提供了关于负载银纳米颗粒的壳聚糖伤口敷料材料治疗感染伤口的临床前结果的综合报告。
