Daubry Tarela Melish Elias, Nwogueze Bartholomew Chukwuebuka, Toloyai Pere-Ebi Yabrade, Moke Emuesiri Goodies
Department of Human Physiology, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta, Nigeria.
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta, Nigeria.
Sleep Sci. 2024 Feb 20;17(1):e90-e98. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1778013. eCollection 2024 Mar.
Sleep deprivation is a major health problem in modern society; it has been worsened by alcohol and caffeine intake to stay awake and improve bodily activities, an experience common among night-shift workers. For the present study, 50 adult male Wistar rats weighing between 150 g and 200 g were randomly selected and divided into 5 groups of 10 rats each (n = 10). Group 1 was the control group; group 2 was the group of sleep-deprived (SD) rats; group 3 was composed SD rats submitted to the administration of 20% alcohol; group 4 comprised SD rats submitted to the administration of 200 mg/kg of caffeine; and Group 5 was composed of SD rats who underwent the co-administration of 20% alcohol and 200 mg/kg of caffeine. At the end of 28 days, the animals were euthanized, and blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Memory, anxiety, social behavior and locomotive activity were assessed using the Y-maze, the elevated plus maze, the hole-board and three-chambered social approach tests, and the open field test. The plasma levels of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 [IL-6], interleukin 10 [IL-10], and tumor necrosis factor beta, [TNF-β]) were also measured. Data was expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean [SEM] values, and the data were analyzed through analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Tukey post hoc test, with significance set at < 0.05 The results revealed that sleep deprivation, and the co-administration of alcohol and caffeine impair memory in rats. Sleep deprivation also caused a significant increase in anxiety and anxiety-related behavior, with decreased social interaction, in rats. Locomotive activity was improved in SD rats, especially in those to which alcohol was administered. Sleep deprivation significantly reduced acetylcholinesterase activity among SD rats and those to which alcohol was administered when compared with the controls. The plasma levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-β were significantly increased in SD rats when compared with the controls. The administration of alcohol and caffeine separately, as well as their co-administration, significantly increased cytokine levels in rats.
睡眠剥夺是现代社会中的一个主要健康问题；通过摄入酒精和咖啡因来保持清醒并改善身体活动使这一问题更加严重，这种情况在夜班工作者中很常见。在本研究中，随机选择50只体重在150克至200克之间的成年雄性Wistar大鼠，并将其分为5组，每组10只大鼠（n = 10）。第1组为对照组；第2组为睡眠剥夺（SD）大鼠组；第3组由接受20%酒精给药的SD大鼠组成；第4组包括接受200毫克/千克咖啡因给药的SD大鼠；第5组由同时接受20%酒精和200毫克/千克咖啡因给药的SD大鼠组成。在28天结束时，对动物实施安乐死，并采集血样进行生化分析。使用Y迷宫、高架十字迷宫、洞板试验和三室社交接近试验以及旷场试验评估记忆、焦虑、社交行为和运动活动。还测量了乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和炎性细胞因子（白细胞介素6 [IL-6]、白细胞介素10 [IL-10]和肿瘤坏死因子β [TNF-β]）的血浆水平。数据以平均值±平均标准误差[SEM]值表示，并通过方差分析（ANOVA）随后进行Tukey事后检验进行分析，显著性设定为P < 0.05。结果显示，睡眠剥夺以及酒精和咖啡因的联合给药会损害大鼠的记忆。睡眠剥夺还会导致大鼠焦虑和焦虑相关行为显著增加，社交互动减少。SD大鼠的运动活动有所改善，尤其是那些接受酒精给药的大鼠。与对照组相比，睡眠剥夺显著降低了SD大鼠以及接受酒精给药的大鼠的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性。与对照组相比，SD大鼠的IL-6、IL-10和TNF-β血浆水平显著升高。单独给予酒精和咖啡因以及它们的联合给药均显著增加了大鼠的细胞因子水平。
