Draz Muhammad Umar, Yaqub Asim, Jafry Ali Turab, Khan Majid, Ajab Huma
Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus Pakistan
Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus Pakistan
RSC Adv. 2024 Mar 28;14(15):10331-10347. doi: 10.1039/d4ra00555d. eCollection 2024 Mar 26.
Vitamins are crucial micronutrients found in limited quantities in food, living organisms, and soil. Since most vitamins are not produced within the human body, a lack of these essential nutrients can result in various physiological disorders. Analyzing vitamins typically involves costly, time-consuming methods, requiring skilled personnel, automated equipment, and dedicated laboratory setups. The pressing need is for the development of efficient, portable, and user-friendly detection techniques that are cost-effective, addressing the challenges associated with traditional analytical approaches. In recent years, electrochemical sensors and electrochemical microfluidic devices have garnered prominence owing to their remarkable sensitivity, quick analysis, cost-effectiveness, and facile fabrication procedures. Electrochemical sensing and microfluidics are two distinct fields that are often integrated to create powerful and versatile sensing devices. The connection between them leverages the advantages of both fields to create highly efficient, miniaturized, and portable analytical systems. This interdisciplinary approach has led to the development of innovative devices with broad applications in various scientific, medical, and environmental domains. This review begins by outlining the importance of vitamins in human nutrition and health and emphasizing the need for precise and reliable sensing techniques. Owing to the limited literature available on electrochemical detection of vitamin B complexes, this review offers an in-depth analysis of modern electrochemical sensing of water-soluble vitamins, focusing on B1, B2, B6, B9, and B12. The challenges faced by researchers are addressed, including selectivity, sensitivity, interference, matrix effects, and calibration, while also exploring promising prospects such as nanomaterial integration, miniaturization, microfluidics-based IoTs, and innovative sensor designs.
维生素是在食物、生物体和土壤中含量有限的关键微量营养素。由于大多数维生素无法在人体内产生，缺乏这些必需营养素会导致各种生理紊乱。分析维生素通常涉及成本高、耗时的方法，需要技术熟练的人员、自动化设备和专门的实验室设置。迫切需要开发高效、便携且用户友好的检测技术，这些技术具有成本效益，能够应对传统分析方法带来的挑战。近年来，电化学传感器和电化学微流控装置因其卓越的灵敏度、快速分析、成本效益和简便的制造工艺而备受关注。电化学传感和微流控是两个不同的领域，它们经常被整合以创建强大且通用的传感设备。它们之间的结合利用了两个领域的优势，以创建高效、小型化和便携式的分析系统。这种跨学科方法导致了创新设备的开发，这些设备在各种科学、医学和环境领域具有广泛应用。本综述首先概述了维生素在人类营养和健康中的重要性，并强调了对精确可靠传感技术的需求。由于关于维生素B复合物电化学检测的现有文献有限，本综述对水溶性维生素的现代电化学传感进行了深入分析，重点关注维生素B1、B2、B6、B9和B12。讨论了研究人员面临的挑战，包括选择性、灵敏度、干扰、基质效应和校准，同时还探索了诸如纳米材料整合、小型化、基于微流控的物联网和创新传感器设计等有前景的发展方向。
