LncRNA SNHG1 调控阿尔茨海默病的机制涉及 DNA 甲基化。

Mechanisms underlying LncRNA SNHG1 regulation of Alzheimer's disease involve DNA methylation.

机构信息

Institute of Neuroscience and Medical Technology, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China.

Center of Collaborative Innovation in Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China.

出版信息

J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2024 May 18;87(10):428-435. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2334248. Epub 2024 Mar 29.

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with long non-coding RNAs and DNA methylation; however, the mechanisms underlying the role of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (lncRNA SNHG1) and subsequent involvement of DNA methylation in AD development are not known. The aim of this study was to examine the regulatory mechanisms attributed to lncRNA SNHG1 gene utilizing 2 strains of senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) model of AD and compared to senescence-accelerated mouse resistant (SAMR) considered a control. Both strains of the mouse were transfected with either blank virus, psLenti-U6-SNHG1(low gene expression) virus, and psLenti-pA-SNHG1(gene overexpression) virus via a single injection into the brains for 2 weeks. At 2 weeks mice were subjected to a Morris water maze to determine any behavioral effects followed by sacrifice to extract hippocampal tissue for Western blotting to measure protein expression of p-tau, DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, TET1, and p-Akt. No marked alterations were noted in any parameters following blank virus transfection. In SAMP8 mice, a significant decrease was noted in protein expression of DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, and p-Akt associated with rise in p-tau and TET1. Transfection with ps-Lenti-U6-SNHG1 alone in SAMR1 mice resulted in a significant rise in DNMTs and p-Akt and a fall in p-tau and TET1. Transfection of SAMP8 with ps-Lenti-U6-SNHG1 blocked effects on overexpression noted in this mouse strain. However, knockdown of lncRNA SNHG1 yielded the opposite results as found in SAMR1 mice. In conclusion, the knockdown of lncRNA SNHG1 enhanced DNA methylation through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, thereby reducing the phosphorylation levels of tau in SAMP8 AD model mice with ameliorating brain damage attributed to p-tau accumulation with consequent neuroprotection.

摘要

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种与长非编码 RNA 和 DNA 甲基化相关的神经退行性疾病;然而,lncRNA 小核仁 RNA 宿主基因 1(lncRNA SNHG1)的作用及其随后参与 AD 发展的 DNA 甲基化的机制尚不清楚。本研究旨在利用 AD 的 2 种衰老加速小鼠易感 8 型(SAMP8)模型来检查归因于 lncRNA SNHG1 基因的调节机制,并与被认为是对照的衰老加速小鼠抗性(SAMR)进行比较。通过单次脑内注射将空白病毒、psLenti-U6-SNHG1(低基因表达)病毒和 psLenti-pA-SNHG1(基因过表达)病毒转染到两种小鼠中,持续 2 周。在 2 周时,将小鼠置于 Morris 水迷宫中以确定任何行为效应,然后处死以提取海马组织进行 Western blot 以测量 p-tau、DNMT1、DNMT3A、DNMT3B、TET1 和 p-Akt 的蛋白表达。空白病毒转染后,任何参数均无明显变化。在 SAMP8 小鼠中,与 p-tau 和 TET1 升高相关的 DNMT1、DNMT3A、DNMT3B 和 p-Akt 的蛋白表达显著降低。单独转染 ps-Lenti-U6-SNHG1 在 SAMR1 小鼠中导致 DNMTs 和 p-Akt 显著升高,p-tau 和 TET1 降低。在 SAMP8 中转染 ps-Lenti-U6-SNHG1 阻断了在该小鼠品系中观察到的过表达的影响。然而,lncRNA SNHG1 的敲低产生了与 SAMR1 小鼠相反的结果。总之,lncRNA SNHG1 的敲低通过 PI3K/Akt 信号通路增强了 DNA 甲基化,从而降低了 SAMP8 AD 模型小鼠中 tau 的磷酸化水平,改善了与 p-tau 积累相关的脑损伤,并产生了神经保护作用。

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