School of Public Finance and Taxation, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China.
School of Public Administration, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China.
PLoS One. 2024 Mar 29;19(3):e0300676. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300676. eCollection 2024.
The primary energy consumption structure of BRICS countries is dominated by fossil energy, particularly coal. Coal consumption in BRICS countries is a major driver underlying increased carbon emissions. Therefore, this study developed a spatiotemporal decoupling mode and incorporated factors related to coal consumption-induced carbon emissions into a spatiotemporal decoupling analysis method to provide differentiated and targeted policies for energy restructuring and emission reduction targets in BRICS countries. Moreover, a temporal-spatial decomposition logarithmic mean Divisia index model was developed using the spatiotemporal decoupling index method. The model is based on CO2 emissions generated by coal consumption in BRICS countries, with a primary focus on data from Brazil, Russia, South Africa, India, and China. The findings reveal distinct spatiotemporal distributions and driving effects of coal consumption and carbon dioxide emissions across various countries. Factors such as CO2 emission intensity, coal consumption intensity, economic output per capita, and population structure exerted either positive or negative effects on the distributional effect of the carbon emission-economic output per capita association in BRICS countries. Additionally, country-level heterogeneity in the influence of the distributional effects of CO2 emissions was observed within each BRICS country. Thus, different policies are needed to achieve carbon emission reduction targets in different countries.
金砖国家的一次能源消费结构以化石能源为主，尤其是煤炭。金砖国家的煤炭消费是导致碳排放增加的主要因素。因此，本研究开发了一种时空脱钩模式，并将与煤炭消费导致的碳排放相关的因素纳入时空脱钩分析方法，为金砖国家的能源结构调整和减排目标提供有针对性的差异化政策。此外，还利用时空脱钩指数方法开发了一种时空分解对数平均迪氏指数模型。该模型基于金砖国家煤炭消费产生的二氧化碳排放，主要关注巴西、俄罗斯、南非、印度和中国的数据。研究结果揭示了金砖国家煤炭消费和二氧化碳排放的时空分布特征和驱动效应存在明显差异。二氧化碳排放强度、煤炭消费强度、人均经济产出和人口结构等因素对金砖国家人均二氧化碳排放与经济产出关联的分布效应产生了正向或负向影响。此外，还观察到每个金砖国家内部二氧化碳排放分布效应的影响存在国家层面的异质性。因此，不同国家需要采取不同的政策来实现减排目标。
