Reinig Sebastian, Kuo Chin, Wu Chia-Chun, Huang Sheng-Yu, Yu Jau-Song, Shih Shin-Ru
Research center for Emerging viral infections, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Molecular research center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan.
medRxiv. 2024 Mar 14:2023.06.16.23291455. doi: 10.1101/2023.06.16.23291455.
Various vaccine platforms were developed and deployed against the COVID-19 disease. The Fc-mediated functions of IgG antibodies are essential in the adaptive immune response elicited by vaccines. However, the long-term changes of protein subunit vaccines and their combinations with mRNA vaccines are unknown. A total of 272 serum and plasma samples were collected from individuals who received first to third doses of the protein subunit Medigen, the mRNA (BNT), or the adenovector AstraZeneca vaccines. The IgG subclass level was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Fc-N glycosylation was measured using LC-MS/MS. Antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADCP) and complement deposition (ADCD) of anti-spike (S) IgG antibodies were measured. IgG1 and 3 reached the highest anti-S IgG subclass level. IgG1, 2, and 4 subclass levels significantly increased in mRNA- and Medigen-vaccinated individuals. Fc-glycosylation was stable, except in female BNT vaccinees, who showed increased bisection and decreased galactosylation. Female BNT vaccinees had a higher anti-S IgG titer than that of males. ADCP declined in all groups. ADCD increased in Medigen-vaccinated individuals after the third dose. Each vaccine produced specific long-term changes in Fc structure and function. This finding is critical when selecting a vaccine platform or combination to achieve the desired immune response.
针对新冠疾病研发并部署了多种疫苗平台。IgG抗体的Fc介导功能在疫苗引发的适应性免疫反应中至关重要。然而，蛋白质亚单位疫苗及其与mRNA疫苗联合使用后的长期变化尚不清楚。从接受了第一剂至第三剂蛋白质亚单位Medigen疫苗、mRNA（BNT）疫苗或腺载体阿斯利康疫苗的个体中总共收集了272份血清和血浆样本。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法测量IgG亚类水平，使用液相色谱-串联质谱法测量Fc-N糖基化。测量了抗刺突（S）IgG抗体的抗体依赖性吞噬作用（ADCP）和补体沉积（ADCD）。IgG1和IgG3达到了最高的抗S IgG亚类水平。在接种mRNA疫苗和Medigen疫苗的个体中，IgG1、IgG2和IgG4亚类水平显著升高。Fc糖基化是稳定的，除了接种BNT疫苗的女性，她们的平分糖基化增加而半乳糖基化减少。接种BNT疫苗的女性的抗S IgG滴度高于男性。所有组的ADCP均下降。接种Medigen疫苗的个体在第三剂后ADCD增加。每种疫苗在Fc结构和功能上都产生了特定的长期变化。在选择疫苗平台或组合以实现所需的免疫反应时，这一发现至关重要。
