鉴定、验证和定量结合生物活性评估和气相色谱-质谱分析药用有价值作物黑种草（ L.）品种中的百里香醌。

Identification, validation and quantification of thymoquinone in conjunction with assessment of bioactive possessions and GC-MS profiling of pharmaceutically valuable crop Nigella ( L.) varieties.

机构信息

ICAR-National Research Centre on Seed Spices, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India.

HC & RI, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.

出版信息

PeerJ. 2024 Mar 29;12:e17177. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17177. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.7717/peerj.17177

PMID:38563005

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10984176/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Plants have been pivotal in traditional and modern medicine globally, with historical evidence supporting their therapeutic applications. Nigella ( L.) is an annual herbaceous plant of the Ranunculaceae family and is cultivated in the Middle East, Eastern Europe, and Western and Central Asia. The medicinal use of plants dates back thousands of years, documented in ancient writings from various civilizations. Alkaloids, phenolics, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, anthraquinones, and tannins found in plants exhibit antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, and antidiabetic activities.

METHODOLOGY

This study specifically examines the pharmacological potential of L., emphasizing thymoquinone-a compound with diverse nutraceutical benefits. The extraction, characterization, and quantification of thymoquinone, alongside other physicochemical parameters, were carried out using ethanol through Soxhlet extraction procedures on five nigella varieties. HPLC analysis was performed to determine the maximum accumulation of thymoquinone in the released variety of the plant and the chemical composition of the seed oil isolated from L., varieties utilized in the study was determined through GC-MS analysis.

RESULTS

The research revealed that the Ajmer nigella-20 variety stands out, exhibiting elevated levels of thymoquinone (0.20 ± 0.07%), antioxidants (76.18 ± 1.78%), and substantial quantities of total phenols (31.85 ± 0.97 mg GAEg seed) and flavonoids (8.150 ± 0.360 mg QE 100 g seed) compared to other varieties. The GC-MS profiling showed the presence of 11 major compounds in the studied varieties, with p-cymene, longifolene, and myristic acid identified as the major chemical compounds present in the oil.

CONCLUSION

The observed variations among Nigella varieties indicate the Ajmer nigella-20 variety as particularly promising for thymoquinone and bioactive compound extraction. This study underscores Nigella's potential as a source of pharmacologically active compounds, highlighting the need for further exploration in therapeutic applications.

摘要

背景

植物在全球传统医学和现代医学中都具有重要作用，历史证据支持其治疗应用。黑种草（ Nigella ）是毛茛科的一年生草本植物，生长在中东、东欧、西亚和中亚。植物的药用历史可以追溯到几千年前，在各种文明的古代文献中都有记载。在植物中发现的生物碱、酚类、皂苷、类黄酮、萜类、蒽醌和单宁具有抗氧化、免疫调节、抗炎、抗癌、抗菌和抗糖尿病作用。

方法

本研究专门研究了黑种草（ Nigella ）的药理学潜力，重点研究了具有多种营养益处的百里醌（ thymoquinone ）。通过索氏提取程序，使用乙醇从五种黑种草品种中提取、表征和定量百里醌以及其他物理化学参数。通过高效液相色谱法（ HPLC ）分析确定了植物中释放品种百里醌的最大积累量以及从黑种草品种中分离出的种子油的化学成分，通过气相色谱 - 质谱法（ GC-MS ）分析确定了研究中使用的种子油的化学成分。

结果

研究表明，Ajmer nigella-20 品种表现出色，其百里醌含量（ 0.20 ± 0.07% ）、抗氧化剂（ 76.18 ± 1.78% ）和总酚（ 31.85 ± 0.97 mg GAEg 种子）和类黄酮（ 8.150 ± 0.360 mg QE 100 g 种子）的含量均高于其他品种。GC-MS 分析表明，在所研究的品种中存在 11 种主要化合物，其中 p- 对伞花烃、长叶烯和肉豆蔻酸被鉴定为油中存在的主要化合物。