黑种草精油、各种提取物及其主要成分百里醌对致病性皮肤癣菌菌株的抗真菌活性评估。
Evaluation of antifungal activities of the essential oil and various extracts of Nigella sativa and its main component, thymoquinone against pathogenic dermatophyte strains.
作者信息
Mahmoudvand H, Sepahvand A, Jahanbakhsh S, Ezatpour B, Ayatollahi Mousavi S A
机构信息
Research Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
出版信息
J Mycol Med. 2014 Dec;24(4):e155-61. doi: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2014.06.048. Epub 2014 Oct 19.
OBJECTIVE
Plant extracts and plant-derived compounds are valuable sources as folk medicine for the treatment and prevention of a wide range of diseases including infectious diseases. In the present study, the antifungal activities of the essential oil and various extracts Nigella sativa and its active principle, thymoquinone against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis and Microsporum gypseum as pathogenic dermatophyte strains have been evaluated. In addition, the cytotoxic effects of N. sativa against murine macrophage cells were determined.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this study, the antifungal activity was studied by disk diffusion method and assessment of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of extracts using broth macrodilution method. In addition, the cytotoxic activity of N. sativa was evaluated by colorimetric assay (MTT). The components of the N. sativa essential oil were also identified by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) analysis.
RESULTS
The results showed that the essential oil and various extracts of N. sativa particularly thymoquinone have potent antifungal effects on T. mentagrophytes, M. canis and M. gypseum as pathogenic dermatophyte strains. In the assessment of the cytotoxicity activity, it could be observed that N. sativa had no significant cytotoxicity in the murine macrophages at low concentrations. While, thymoquinone in comparison with essential oil and various extracts of N. sativa showed higher cytotoxicity on murine macrophage cells. In the GC/MS analysis, thymoquinone (42.4%), p-cymene (14.1%), carvacrol (10.3%) and longifolene (6.1%) were found to be the major components of N. sativa essential oil.
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study suggest a first step in the search of new antidermatophytic drugs and aid the use of N. sativa seeds in the traditional medicine for dermatophytic infections.
目的
植物提取物和植物衍生化合物是作为民间药物治疗和预防包括传染病在内的多种疾病的宝贵来源。在本研究中，已评估了黑种草的精油、各种提取物及其活性成分百里醌对须癣毛癣菌、犬小孢子菌和石膏样小孢子菌等致病性皮肤癣菌菌株的抗真菌活性。此外，还测定了黑种草对小鼠巨噬细胞的细胞毒性作用。
材料与方法
在本研究中，通过纸片扩散法研究抗真菌活性，并使用肉汤稀释法评估提取物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。此外，通过比色法（MTT）评估黑种草的细胞毒性活性。还通过气相色谱/质谱（GC/MS）分析鉴定了黑种草精油的成分。
结果
结果表明，黑种草的精油和各种提取物，特别是百里醌，对须癣毛癣菌、犬小孢子菌和石膏样小孢子菌等致病性皮肤癣菌菌株具有强大的抗真菌作用。在细胞毒性活性评估中，可以观察到黑种草在低浓度下对小鼠巨噬细胞没有明显的细胞毒性。然而，与黑种草的精油和各种提取物相比，百里醌对小鼠巨噬细胞显示出更高的细胞毒性。在GC/MS分析中，发现百里醌（42.4%）、对伞花烃（14.1%）、香芹酚（10.3%）和长叶烯（6.1%）是黑种草精油的主要成分。
结论
本研究结果为寻找新的抗皮肤癣菌药物迈出了第一步，并有助于在传统医学中使用黑种草种子治疗皮肤癣菌感染。
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