College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Apr 15;275:116260. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116260. Epub 2024 Apr 1.
Thiram, a commonly used agricultural insecticide and fungicide, has been found to cause tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) in broilers, leading to substantial economic losses in the poultry industry. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of leucine in mitigating thiram-induced TD and leucine effects on gut microbial diversity. Broiler chickens were randomly divided into five equal groups: control group (standard diet), thiram-induced group (thiram 80 mg/kg from day 3 to day 7), and different concentrations of leucine groups (0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9% leucine from day 8 to day 18). Performance indicator analysis and tibial parameter analysis showed that leucine positively affected thiram-induced TD broilers. Additionally, mRNA expressions and protein levels of HIF-1α/VEGFA and Ihh/PTHrP genes were determined via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. The results showed that leucine recovered lameness disorder by downregulating the expression of HIF-1α, VEGFA, and PTHrP while upregulating the expression of Ihh. Moreover, the 16 S rRNA sequencing revealed that the leucine group demonstrated a decrease in the abundance of harmful bacteria compared to the TD group, with an enrichment of beneficial bacteria responsible for producing short-chain fatty acids, including Alistipes, Paludicola, CHKCI002, Lactobacillus, and Erysipelatoclostridium. In summary, the current study suggests that leucine could improve the symptoms of thiram-induced TD and maintain gut microbiota homeostasis.
福美双是一种常用的农业杀虫剂和杀菌剂，已被发现可导致肉鸡胫骨软骨发育不良（TD），给家禽业造成巨大的经济损失。在本研究中，我们旨在研究亮氨酸缓解福美双诱导的 TD 以及亮氨酸对肠道微生物多样性的影响的作用机制。肉鸡被随机分为五组：对照组（标准饮食）、福美双诱导组（第 3 天至第 7 天福美双 80mg/kg）和不同浓度亮氨酸组（第 8 天至第 18 天亮氨酸 0.3%、0.6%、0.9%）。性能指标分析和胫骨参数分析表明，亮氨酸对福美双诱导的 TD 肉鸡有积极影响。此外，通过定量实时聚合酶链反应和 Western blot 确定 HIF-1α/VEGFA 和 Ihh/PTHrP 基因的 mRNA 表达和蛋白水平。结果表明，亮氨酸通过下调 HIF-1α、VEGFA 和 PTHrP 的表达，同时上调 Ihh 的表达，恢复了跛行紊乱。此外，16S rRNA 测序表明，亮氨酸组与 TD 组相比，有害菌的丰度降低，而产生短链脂肪酸的有益菌富集，包括 Alistipes、Paludicola、CHKCI002、Lactobacillus 和 Erysipelatoclostridium。综上所述，本研究表明亮氨酸可以改善福美双诱导的 TD 症状并维持肠道微生物群的平衡。
