Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India.
Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
Physiol Plant. 2024 Mar-Apr;176(2):e14270. doi: 10.1111/ppl.14270.
The advancement of metabolomics has assisted in the identification of various bewildering characteristics of the biological system. Metabolomics is a standard approach, facilitating crucial aspects of system biology with absolute quantification of metabolites using minimum samples, based on liquid/gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. The metabolome profiling has narrowed the wide gaps of missing information and has enhanced the understanding of a wide spectrum of plant-environment interactions by highlighting the complex pathways regulating biochemical reactions and cellular physiology under a particular set of conditions. This high throughput technique also plays a prominent role in combined analyses of plant metabolomics and other omics datasets. Plant metabolomics has opened a wide paradigm of opportunities for developing stress-tolerant plants, ensuring better food quality and quantity. However, despite advantageous methods and databases, the technique has a few limitations, such as ineffective 3D capturing of metabolites, low comprehensiveness, and lack of cell-based sampling. In the future, an expansion of plant-pathogen and plant-pest response towards the metabolite architecture is necessary to understand the intricacies of plant defence against invaders, elucidation of metabolic pathway operational during defence and developing a direct correlation between metabolites and biotic stresses. Our aim is to provide an overview of metabolomics and its utilities for the identification of biomarkers or key metabolites associated with biotic stress, devising improved diagnostic methods to efficiently assess pest and pathogen attack and generating improved crop varieties with the help of combined application of analytical and molecular tools.
代谢组学的发展有助于识别生物系统的各种令人困惑的特征。代谢组学是一种标准方法，通过使用最少的样本基于液/气相色谱、质谱和核磁共振对代谢物进行绝对定量，促进了系统生物学的关键方面。代谢组学谱分析缩小了大量缺失信息的差距，并通过突出调节特定条件下生化反应和细胞生理学的复杂途径，增强了对广泛的植物-环境相互作用的理解。这种高通量技术在植物代谢组学和其他组学数据集的联合分析中也发挥着重要作用。植物代谢组学为开发耐胁迫植物、确保更好的食物质量和数量开辟了广泛的机会。然而，尽管有有利的方法和数据库，该技术仍存在一些局限性，例如代谢物的 3D 捕捉效果不佳、综合性低以及缺乏基于细胞的采样。未来，需要扩展植物-病原体和植物-害虫对代谢物结构的反应，以了解植物对入侵物的防御的复杂性，阐明防御过程中代谢途径的运作，并在代谢物和生物胁迫之间建立直接的相关性。我们的目标是提供代谢组学及其在鉴定与生物胁迫相关的生物标志物或关键代谢物方面的应用概述，设计改进的诊断方法，以有效地评估害虫和病原体的攻击，并借助分析和分子工具的联合应用，生成改良的作物品种。
