Medical Department, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China.
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China.
Heart Lung. 2024 Sep-Oct;67:5-11. doi: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2024.03.010. Epub 2024 Apr 3.
Several studies have shown that dietary isoflavones are negatively correlated with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. However, few studies have investigated the link between dietary isoflavones and remnant cholesterol (RC).
We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database to explore the association between dietary isoflavone intake and RC.
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 4731 participants aged ≥ 20 years from the 2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2017-2018 NHANES databases. We adopted univariate and multiple linear regression analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS) to assess the relationship between dietary isoflavone intake and RC. Moreover, we conducted stratified and interaction analyses to ensure the stability of the results and identify specific populations.
The weighted multifactor linear regression model showed a negative correlation between dietary isoflavone intake and remnant cholesterol (Model 2, β = -0.049, 95% CI: (-0.096, -0.002), P = 0.040). The RCS analysis indicated that there was an L-shaped negative correlation between dietary isoflavone intake and RC (P-value for non-linearity was 0.0464). Stratified analyses showed the inverse relationship between dietary isoflavone intake and RC persisted in most subgroups and there was no interaction except for the recreational activity group.
Our study found a non-linear and negative association between dietary isoflavone intake and RC in US adults, so we hypothesized that consuming an isoflavone-rich diet may help reduce blood RC and further reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
多项研究表明，饮食中的异黄酮与总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈负相关。然而，很少有研究调查饮食异黄酮与残余胆固醇（RC）之间的联系。
我们使用国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）数据库来探讨饮食异黄酮摄入量与 RC 之间的关系。
这是一项横断面研究，纳入了来自 2007-2008 年、2009-2010 年和 2017-2018 年 NHANES 数据库的 4731 名年龄≥20 岁的参与者。我们采用单变量和多元线性回归分析以及限制立方样条（RCS）来评估饮食异黄酮摄入量与 RC 之间的关系。此外，我们进行了分层和交互分析，以确保结果的稳定性并确定特定人群。
加权多因素线性回归模型显示，饮食异黄酮摄入量与残余胆固醇呈负相关（模型 2，β=-0.049，95%CI：[-0.096，-0.002]，P=0.040）。RCS 分析表明，饮食异黄酮摄入量与 RC 之间存在负相关的 L 型关系（非线性检验 P 值为 0.0464）。分层分析显示，除了娱乐活动组外，饮食异黄酮摄入量与 RC 之间的负相关关系在大多数亚组中仍然存在，且无交互作用。
我们的研究发现，美国成年人饮食异黄酮摄入量与 RC 之间存在非线性负相关，因此我们假设摄入富含异黄酮的饮食可能有助于降低血液 RC，从而进一步降低心血管疾病的风险。
