Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuyunshan Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
Medical School, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
BMC Womens Health. 2024 Apr 3;24(1):215. doi: 10.1186/s12905-024-03056-5.
More than 2 billion women are experiencing the menopausal transition in China, and some of these women have hypertension. Limited studies has focused on perimenopausal syndrome and hypertension in a specific population, so we aimed to investigate the prevalence of perimenopausal syndrome and hypertension and to analyse their relationships and risk factors in perimenopausal women in South China.
This cross-sectional study included 3553 women aged 40 to 60 years from South China. We collected medical report, lifestyle, blood sample, general condition questionnaire, and modified Kupperman index (mKMI) data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for perimenopausal syndrome and hypertension during perimenopause.
The prevalence of hypertension in perimenopause patients was 16.58%, and the prevalence of perimenopausal syndrome was 9.9%. Compared with women without hypertension during perimenopause, women with HTN during perimenopause had an increased risk of perimenopausal syndrome (26.4% vs. 8.7%, P < 0.001). Lipid levels and urinary tract infections were risk factors for hypertension and perimenopausal syndrome, in addition to the presence of breast nodules, the intake of snacks at night, high-salt diets, red meat and sugar-sweetened beverages, and a history of smoking and drinking for perimenopausal syndrome and the presence of gestational hypertension and diabetes for hypertension.
We concluded that perimenopausal syndrome and HTN are common in perimenopausal women in South China, and the associations between them are strong and positive. Perimenopausal syndrome shares some common risk factors with HTN during perimenopause, such as BMI and dyslipidaemia. Therefore, gynaecological endocrinologists in China should consider screening for perimenopausal syndrome in hypertensive perimenopausal women, and appropriate management of perimenopause is needed to alleviate these conditions.
中国有超过 20 亿女性正处于更年期过渡阶段，其中一些女性患有高血压。针对特定人群的围绝经期综合征和高血压的研究有限，因此我们旨在调查华南地区围绝经期女性围绝经期综合征和高血压的患病率，并分析它们之间的关系和危险因素。
本横断面研究纳入了来自华南地区的 3553 名 40 至 60 岁的女性。我们收集了医疗报告、生活方式、血液样本、一般情况问卷和改良 Kupperman 指数（mKMI）数据。采用多变量 logistic 回归分析来确定围绝经期高血压和围绝经期综合征的危险因素。
围绝经期高血压患者的患病率为 16.58%，围绝经期综合征的患病率为 9.9%。与围绝经期无高血压的女性相比，围绝经期高血压的女性患围绝经期综合征的风险增加（26.4%比 8.7%，P<0.001）。血脂水平和尿路感染是高血压和围绝经期综合征的危险因素，此外，存在乳腺结节、夜间吃零食、高盐饮食、红肉和含糖饮料、吸烟和饮酒史是围绝经期综合征的危险因素，而存在妊娠期高血压和糖尿病是高血压的危险因素。
我们的结论是，围绝经期综合征和 HTN 在华南地区围绝经期女性中很常见，两者之间存在强烈的正相关关系。围绝经期综合征与围绝经期高血压有一些共同的危险因素，如 BMI 和血脂异常。因此，中国的妇科内分泌医生应该考虑在高血压围绝经期女性中筛查围绝经期综合征，并需要对围绝经期进行适当的管理，以缓解这些情况。
