Lan Yibing, Huang Yizhou, Song Yang, Ma Linjuan, Chen Peiqiong, Ying Qian, Li Wei, Cai Yuqun, Zhou Jianhong
1Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China 2Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China 3Maternal and Child Health & Family Planning Service Center, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Menopause. 2017 Oct;24(10):1200-1207. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000000906.
The aim of the study was to specify the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms, and to investigate associated factors in Chinese middle-aged women.
A cross-sectional, community-based study was carried out involving 1,054 participants aged 40 to 60 years in Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China. The presence and severity of symptoms were evaluated by having the participants complete a modified Kupperman Menopausal Index questionnaire. Serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone and estradiol were measured. Physical and sociodemographic characteristics including height, weight, education, occupation, and income were collected. Statistical analysis was performed to identify factors associated with the occurrence of the menopausal syndrome according to the modified Kupperman Menopausal Index score rank.
The mean (SD) age of all participants was 50.85 (5.55) years. Overall, 32.6% of the participants were premenopausal, 20.2% were perimenopausal, and 47.1% were postmenopausal. The three most prevalent symptoms suffered by all participants were muscle/joint pain (54.5%), sexual problems (48.7%), and fatigue (46.1%). The prevalence of sexual problems and muscle/joint pain increased from the premenopausal stage to the postmenopausal stage (P < 0.001 for both). Compared with premenopausal women, perimenopausal and postmenopausal women have a significantly increased risk of menopausal syndrome (P < 0.001 for both). The logistic regression model revealed that the place of residence and level of education were significantly associated with the occurrence of menopausal syndrome (P < 0.05).
Perimenopausal women are prone to the highest prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms. Sexual problems and muscle/joint pain are noticeable symptoms in postmenopausal women. Further studies are required to verify the influences of level of education, place of residence, and other factors on menopausal symptoms in Chinese women.
本研究旨在明确中国中年女性更年期症状的患病率及严重程度，并调查相关因素。
在中国浙江省杭州市拱墅区开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究，纳入1054名年龄在40至60岁的参与者。通过让参与者完成一份改良的库珀曼更年期指数问卷来评估症状的存在情况及严重程度。检测血清促卵泡生成素和雌二醇水平。收集包括身高、体重、教育程度、职业和收入在内的身体及社会人口学特征。根据改良的库珀曼更年期指数评分等级进行统计分析，以确定与更年期综合征发生相关的因素。
所有参与者的平均（标准差）年龄为50.85（5.55）岁。总体而言，32.6%的参与者处于绝经前，20.2%处于围绝经期，47.1%处于绝经后。所有参与者中最常见的三种症状是肌肉/关节疼痛（54.5%）、性问题（48.7%）和疲劳（46.1%）。性问题和肌肉/关节疼痛的患病率从绝经前阶段到绝经后阶段有所增加（两者P均<0.001）。与绝经前女性相比，围绝经期和绝经后女性患更年期综合征的风险显著增加（两者P均<0.001）。逻辑回归模型显示，居住地点和教育程度与更年期综合征的发生显著相关（P<0.05）。
围绝经期女性更年期症状的患病率和严重程度最高。性问题和肌肉/关节疼痛是绝经后女性明显的症状。需要进一步研究来验证教育程度、居住地点和其他因素对中国女性更年期症状的影响。
